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Chapter 26

The Cytoskeleton II: Microtubules and Intermediate Filaments

Mikrotubule
Mikrotubule
Microtubules are the thickest cytoskeletal filaments with a diameter of 25 nm. In prokaryotic organisms, microtubules are commonly found in locomotory ...
Niestabilność mikrotubul
Niestabilność mikrotubul
Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound ...
Tworzenie mikrotubul
Tworzenie mikrotubul
Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo continuous assembly and disassembly. They originate from specialized multi-protein complexes known as ...
Białka związane z mikrotubulami (MAP)
Białka związane z mikrotubulami (MAP)
Microtubule function and architecture are regulated by an array of specialized proteins called microtubule-associated proteins or MAPs. These proteins are ...
Destabilizacja mikrotubul
Destabilizacja mikrotubul
The destabilization of microtubules can occur during different stages of the microtubule lifecycle, such as nucleation or elongation. It can take place at ...
Białka motoryczne związane z mikrotubulami
Białka motoryczne związane z mikrotubulami
Eukaryotic cells have different motor proteins for transporting various cargo within the cell. These motor proteins differ based on the filament they ...
Ruch organelli i pęcherzyków
Ruch organelli i pęcherzyków
In eukaryotic cells,  cytoskeletal filaments such as actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments form a mesh-like cytoskeletal network. These ...
Montaż złożonych struktur mikrotubul
Montaż złożonych struktur mikrotubul
Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular ...
Mikrotubule w ruchliwości komórek
Mikrotubule w ruchliwości komórek
Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form ...
Mechanizm ruchu rzęsek
Mechanizm ruchu rzęsek
The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible ...
Mikrotubule w sygnalizacji
Mikrotubule w sygnalizacji
The primary cilium, made up of microtubules, acts as antennae on the cell surfaces for relaying external stimuli into the cells. These fine hair-like ...
Leki stabilizujące mikrotubule
Leki stabilizujące mikrotubule
Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo cycles of catastrophe and rescue. The microtubules play a central role in cell division by forming the ...
Leki destabilizujące mikrotubule
Leki destabilizujące mikrotubule
Microtubules are dynamic structures and can be regulated by microtubule targeting agents (MTAs). Microtubule destabilizing drugs are a class of MTAs that ...
Struktura włókien pośrednich
Struktura włókien pośrednich
The intermediate filaments are one of three widely studied cytoskeletal filaments. They are so named as their diameter (10 nm) is in between that of ...
Rodzaje filamentów pośrednich
Rodzaje filamentów pośrednich
The intermediate filaments are an essential component of the cytoskeleton. Presently six types of intermediate filament have been identified. Type I and ...
Tworzenie włókien pośrednich
Tworzenie włókien pośrednich
Intermediate filaments are cytoskeletal proteins with higher tensile strength and flexibility than microfilaments and microtubules. Unlike the other two ...
Demontaż filamentów pośrednich
Demontaż filamentów pośrednich
Intermediate filaments (IFs) do not undergo spontaneous disassembly. Enzymes, kinases, and phosphatases add and remove phosphates from specific sites to ...
Septyny
Septyny
Septins are protein filaments forming the cytoskeleton along with the microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and other accessory proteins. ...
Rola septynów
Rola septynów
Septins are the recently discovered fourth major protein component of the cytoskeleton, along with microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate ...
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