Name: hydroquinone based synthesis of gold nanorods
Uploaded: 2016-08-10T14:00:00.000+00:00
Duration: 8 min 55 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Hydroquinone Based Synthesis of Gold Nanorods at JoVE.com

Funding for this research was provided by the Italian Ministry of Health under the frame of EuroNanoMed II (European Innovative Research &amp; Technological Development Projects in Nanomedicine, project title: ''InNaSERSS'').

1.黄金纳米棒注:在使用高纯水。 <ol><li> 金种子的制备 <ol><li>在40℃于5毫升水中溶解364.4毫克十六烷基溴化铵（CTAB）的，下超声直至形成澄清溶液。让CTAB溶液冷却至室温。 </li><li>另外，在水（0.5毫米）准备5毫升四氯金酸（氯金酸4）。 </li><li>添加氯金酸4溶液向CTAB溶液剧烈磁力搅拌下，保持在27℃的温度恒定。 </li><li>制备硼氢化钠600微升（加入NaBH 4）在4℃的水（10毫摩尔）溶液中。添加该解决方案剧烈搅拌下混合物。检查解决方案的颜色立即从黄色变为褐色。 </li><li>搅拌使用前20分钟的停牌。存储的种子悬浮液在室温彩画不超过24小时TURE。 </li><li>检查种子使用紫外可见分光光度计的尺寸。确保种子是足够小（约2nm）的紫外可见光谱的制备金纳米棒的情况下使用。 注意:频谱必须相似的是，在图1中报道的周围505-520纳米的电浆峰的存在鉴别更大的种子不能使用，因为他们很可能会产生球形纳米颗粒。 </li></ol></li><li> 金纳米棒的" 增长解决方案 "的制备。 <ol><li>连同在5毫升水中22毫克氢醌，在40℃用超声波溶解182.2毫克的CTAB。降温的解决方案，以27°C。 </li><li>制备200μl的4mM的硝酸银（ 硝酸银）溶液。 </li><li>另外，准备溶于5ml四氯金酸的1 mM的溶液（ 氯金酸）。 </li><li>首先添加步骤1.2.2准备的硝酸银溶液。然后，添加HAuCL 4溶液在步骤1.2.3至在步骤1.2.1磁力搅拌下制备的CTAB和氢醌的溶液制备。 </li><li>紧接着，加入磁力搅拌12微升预先根据方案制备的种子悬浮液的报告在步骤1.1下，让反应开始。检查，如果悬浮液在约30分钟改变颜色。 </li><li>通过检查悬浮液的紫外可见光谱，如在第4节，每5分钟控制纳米棒的形成。继续进行，直到光谱是稳定的。以允许纳米棒的完全形成，离开再搅拌30分钟（ 图2）下的悬浮液中。 </li><li>划分在管中的悬浮液（1 ml悬液每个管）和离心机以10,000 xg离心10分钟。金纳米棒形成在管的底部有一个暗沉淀。 </li><li>悬浮每个管的沉淀物在1毫升水中。混合在一起的管子的内容并存储到SUSP在室温下金纳米棒的ension。 </li><li>如在第4（ 图3）描述的紫外-可见光谱和透射电子显微镜表征所获得的纳米棒。 </li></ol></li></ol> 2.调整纳米棒的长宽比通过改变银离子的浓度<ol><li>制备了4mM的浓度的硝酸银溶液中，溶解3.4毫克的AgNO 3在5毫升水中。 </li><li>在三个不同的小瓶的CTAB溶液和氢醌制备如在1.2.1节中描述的和分别添加100微升，150微升或200微升的硝酸银溶液。 </li><li>根据该氯金酸溶液制备添加步骤1.2.3，并从点1.2.5描述的金纳米棒的准备着手。 </li><li>通过紫外 - 可见光谱和透射电子显微镜表征所获得的纳米棒。与较低的数额的 Ag +小瓶将重新SULT在较短的纳米棒（分别为2和2.2的纵横比）（ 图4）。 </li></ol> 3.通过改变CTAB的浓度调优纳米棒的长宽比<ol><li>在"增长解决方案"准备金纳米棒用不同浓度的CTAB的不同批次。从10mM至100mM使用浓度以产生具有不同大小和宽​​高比金纳米棒。 CTAB在每个实验中所用的浓度列于表1与所用毫克的相应量。在5ml水中22毫克氢醌溶解不同量的CTAB始终。 </li><li>加入200μl的硝酸银溶液（其制备根据步骤1.2.2）和5ml氯金酸4溶液在磁力搅拌下每个小瓶（根据如何在步骤1.2.3中描述的方法制备）。 </li><li>添加12微升种子悬浮液，并观察在最终混合物的颜色变化。 </li><li>停止当该悬浮液的颜色和紫外可见光谱被稳定搅拌;反应时间取决于在生长溶液中的CTAB的浓度。 </li><li>离心在10,000rpm XG的水中10分钟，并重新悬浮。 </li><li>通过紫外 - 可见光谱和透射电子显微镜表征所获得的纳米棒。 CTAB的下部浓度将导致较短的纳米棒而较高浓度将给较长，但较大的纳米棒。上相反的纳米棒的纵横比将在40-50毫米的范围内较高的，并会在较低和较高浓度（ 图5和图6）降低两者。 </li></ol> 4.表征金纳米棒<ol><li> 紫外可见光谱 <ol><li>稀释为100μl用400μl的水纳米棒溶液在塑料微反应杯和获得紫外 - 可见吸收光谱（波长范围400和840纳米之间）根据制造商的协议。 </li><li>收集生长溶液每5分钟的紫外可见光谱（波长范围400和840之间毫微米）为了研究反应的动力学。 </li></ol></li><li> 透射电子显微镜（TEM） <ol><li>收集纳米棒的各样品的TEM图像，对所获得的纳米棒的纵横比的大小的测量。通过将悬浮液（4微升）的下降到一个超薄的Formvar包被的200目铜网上制备样品并保留在4℃下在空气中干燥。根据制造商的协议使用200千伏的加速电压分析在TEM样品。 </li></ol></li></ol>

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The authors have nothing to disclose.

这里介绍的协议适用于对苯二酚，芳香分子特征是一个弱还原电位，产生金纳米棒。有朝向基础上使用的抗坏血酸的最常用的合成路线本协议的两个主要优点:第一是，对苯二酚能够几乎定量减少金离子允许生产更高量的金纳米棒的11。后者是由它需要的CTAB较低量和成本随后大幅减少的事实给出。本协议是基于一两步方法，与从所述纳米棒的生长的成核步骤的分离涉及。我们注意到由紫外-...

金粒子（AuNPs）是在生物医学应用中使用最普遍的和有前途的纳米结构中的一个。其用途是在许多点现场护理体外诊断产品必不可少1他们已经提出作为许多其它不同的应用程序的有效工具:在成像研究的造影剂，2作为药物递送系统3和作为药物的光诱导热疗（或光热疗法）。4金纳米粒子的巨大潜力，带动，在过去的20年里，新合成，能够加大对规模的控制和形状而获得的发展深入研究。5这是因为，不同种类的金纳米粒子的实际上比其他为特定应用更适合。 之间的不同的金的纳米结构，金纳米棒（AuNRs）已成为最有趣的系统之一。 AuNRs的特征在于由两个疟原虫沿着纵向和横向轴线的电子的振荡关联的网卡的峰，分别6是特别重要的是，最激烈的纵向峰值的位置可以被精确调谐620之间以及800纳米，取决于棒的纵横比。这个区域中的生物窗口，7其中人组织几乎不吸收光，允许多项体内涉及金纳米粒子光子应用的发展相匹配。 尽管在这种纳米结构的巨大兴趣，对于AuNRs的制备合成方案从若干限制苦。在大多数的情况下，纳米棒根据由秀和同事开发了两步法来制备。8在它们的协议，纳米棒由减少在预制金种子，银离子和大量的存在下，使用抗坏血酸金离子合成十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB），交流ationic线性表面活性剂。 这个协议的缺点是，金离子的还原率相对较低（约20％）9和一个高量的CTAB，昂贵的试剂占大于在合成试剂的总成本的一半，是必要的。一个新的，更有效的合成路线的发展是从那里被认为是一个重要的需求，从而允许基于AuNRs生物医学方法的扩展。 在本文件的第一部分中，我们提出对于具有约三长径比制备AuNR的优化协议。的合成是基于使用氢醌作为温和的还原剂，它允许AuNR与一种几乎定量还原金离子的制备中，利用CTAB减少量的10此协议为AuNRs的制备是基于上，其中金种子在"成长溶胶中使用的两​​个步骤的方法ution"。 在第二部分中，我们显示了如何微调得到AuNR的尺寸和纵横比两种方式。第一种方式，类似于基于抗坏血酸的标准协议，是改变存在于"生长溶液"银离子的量。第二种方式是基于可减小到10mM的浓度（接近由供应商报告的临界胶束浓度），以获得良好定义短纳米棒的CTAB的量的变化。

<table><tbody><tr><td>Gold(III) chloride trihydrate</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>520918</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hydroquinone</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>H17902</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Silver Nitrate</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>209139</td><td>toxic</td></tr><tr><td>Sodium Borohydride</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>480886</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>H5882</td><td>Acute Tox. (oral). In this study we tested three different batches of CTAB (H5882) from Sigma Aldrich. Two of them were marked as made in China while one as made in India. In our experience only the batches marked as made in China were effective for the preparation of AuNR.</td></tr><tr><td>Spectrophotometer</td><td>Thermo scientific&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Nanodrop 2000C</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>TEM</td><td>JEOL</td><td>2100</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

hydroquinone based synthesis of gold nanorods

Gold nanorods are an important kind of nanoparticles characterized by peculiar plasmonic properties. Despite their widespread use in nanotechnology, the synthetic methods for the preparation of gold nanorods are still not fully optimized. In this paper we describe a new, highly efficient, two-step protocol based on the use of hydroquinone as a mild reducing agent. Our approach allows the preparation of nanorods with a good control of size and aspect ratio (AR) simply by varying the amount of hexadecyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and silver ions (Ag+) present in the "growth solution". By using this method, it is possible to markedly reduce the amount of CTAB, an expensive and cytotoxic reagent, necessary to obtain the elongated shape. Gold nanorods with an aspect ratio of about 3 can be obtained in the presence of just 50 mM of CTAB (versus 100 mM used in the standard protocol based on the use of ascorbic acid), while shorter gold nanorods are obtained using a concentration as low as 10 mM.

金种子紫外可见光谱可以在图1中可以看出。金种子的注射后的不同时间取得的紫外可见光谱示于图呈现2。所得到的金纳米棒的紫外可见光谱和透射电子显微镜（TEM）图像示于图3。金纳米棒与通过改变银离子的量得到的不同的纵横比的紫外可见光谱和透射电子显微镜（TEM）图像证实在图4和CTAB在图5</stron...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Hydroquinone Based Synthesis of Gold Nanorods at JoVE.com

Hydroquinone Based Synthesis of Gold Nanorods

本文描述了金纳米棒的合成一个协议的基础上，使用氢醌作为还原剂，以及用于控制它们的尺寸和纵横比的不同的机制。

金纳米棒基于对苯二酚合成

Gold nanorods are an important kind of nanoparticles characterized by peculiar plasmonic properties. Despite their widespread use in nanotechnology, the ...

hydroquinone-based-synthesis-of-gold-nanorods

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

13.6K 次观看.  Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS (Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation). 本文描述了金纳米棒的合成一个协议的基础上，使用氢醌作为还原剂，以及用于控制它们的尺寸和纵横比的不同的机制。 

视频: Hydroquinone Based Synthesis of Gold Nanorods

Template Directed Synthesis of Plasmonic Gold Nanotubes with Tunable IR Absorbance

A nearly parallel array of pores can be produced by anodizing aluminum foils in acidic environments1, 2. Applications of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes have been under development since the 1990's and have become a common method to template the synthesis of high aspect ratio nanostructures, mostly by electrochemical growth or pore-wetting. Recently, these membranes have become commercially available in a wide range of pore sizes and densities, leading to an extensive library of functional nanostructures being synthesized from AAO membranes. These include composite nanorods, nanowires and nanotubes made of metals, inorganic materials or polymers 3-10. Nanoporous membranes have been used to synthesize nanoparticle and nanotube arrays that perform well as refractive index sensors, plasmonic biosensors, or surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates 11-16, as well as a wide range of other fields such as photo-thermal heating 17, permselective transport 18, 19, catalysis 20, microfluidics 21, and electrochemical sensing 22, 23. Here, we report a novel procedure to prepare gold nanotubes in AAO membranes. Hollow nanostructures have potential application in plasmonic and SERS sensing, and we anticipate these gold nanotubes will allow for high sensitivity and strong plasmon signals, arising from decreased material dampening 15.

Solution-suspendable gold nanotubes with controlled dimensions can be synthesized by electrochemical deposition in porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes using a hydrophobic polymer core. Gold nanotubes and nanotube arrays hold promise for applications in plasmonic biosensing, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, photo-thermal heating, ionic and molecular transport, microfluidics, catalysis and electrochemical sensing.

的模板导演电浆黄金纳米管的合成与可调谐红外吸收

A nearly parallel array of pores can be produced by anodizing aluminum foils in acidic environments1, 2. Applications of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) ...

科研

化学

Gold Nanostar Synthesis with a Silver Seed Mediated Growth Method

The physical, chemical and optical properties of nano-scale colloids depend on their material composition, size and shape 1-5. There is a great interest in using nano-colloids for photo-thermal ablation, drug delivery and many other biomedical applications 6. Gold is particularly used because of its low toxicity 7-9. A property of metal nano-colloids is that they can have a strong surface plasmon resonance 10. The peak of the surface plasmon resonance mode depends on the structure and composition of the metal nano-colloids. Since the surface plasmon resonance mode is stimulated with light there is a need to have the peak absorbance in the near infrared where biological tissue transmissivity is maximal 11, 12.
We present a method to synthesize star shaped colloidal gold, also known as star shaped nanoparticles 13-15 or nanostars 16. This method is based on a solution containing silver seeds that are used as the nucleating agent for anisotropic growth of gold colloids 17-22. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the resulting gold colloid showed that 70 % of the nanostructures were nanostars. The other 30 % of the particles were amorphous clusters of decahedra and rhomboids. The absorbance peak of the nanostars was detected to be in the near infrared (840 nm). Thus, our method produces gold nanostars suitable for biomedical applications, particularly for photo-thermal ablation.

We synthesized star shaped gold nanostars using a silver seed mediated growth method. The diameter of the nanostars ranges from 200 to 300 nm and the number of tips vary from 7 to 10. The nanoparticles have a broad surface plasmon resonance mode centered in the near infrared.

黄金Nanostar合成银种子介导的生长方法

The physical, chemical and optical properties of nano-scale colloids depend on their material composition, size and shape 1-5. There is a great interest ...

生物工程

Synthesis, Characterization, and Functionalization of Hybrid Au/CdS and Au/ZnS Core/Shell Nanoparticles

Plasmonic nanoparticles are an attractive material for light harvesting applications due to their easily modified surface, high surface area and large extinction coefficients which can be tuned across the visible spectrum. Research into the plasmonic enhancement of optical transitions has become popular, due to the possibility of altering and in some cases improving photo-absorption or emission properties of nearby chromophores such as molecular dyes or quantum dots. The electric field of the plasmon can couple with the excitation dipole of a chromophore, perturbing the electronic states involved in the transition and leading to increased absorption and emission rates. These enhancements can also be negated at close distances by energy transfer mechanism, making the spatial arrangement of the two species critical. Ultimately, enhancement of light harvesting efficiency in plasmonic solar cells could lead to thinner and, therefore, lower cost devices. The development of hybrid core/shell particles could offer a solution to this issue. The addition of a dielectric spacer between a gold nanoparticles and a chromophore is the proposed method to control the exciton plasmon coupling strength and thereby balance losses with the plasmonic gains. A detailed procedure for the coating of gold nanoparticles with CdS and ZnS semiconductor shells is presented. The nanoparticles show high uniformity with size control in both the core gold particles and shell species allowing for a more accurate investigation into the plasmonic enhancement of external chromophores.

The synthesis of uniform gold nanoparticles coated with semiconductor shells of CdS or ZnS is performed. The semiconductor coating is conducted by first depositing a silver sulfide shell and exchanging the silver cations for zinc or cadmium cations.

合成，表征和混合金/硫化镉和Au / ZnS核/壳纳米颗粒功能化

Plasmonic nanoparticles are an attractive material for light harvesting applications due to their easily modified surface, high surface area and large ...

A Simple Method for the Size Controlled Synthesis of Stable Oligomeric Clusters of Gold Nanoparticles under Ambient Conditions

Reducing dilute aqueous HAuCl4 with sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN) under alkaline conditions produces 2 to 3 nm diameter nanoparticles. Stable grape-like oligomeric clusters of these yellow nanoparticles of narrow size distribution are synthesized under ambient conditions via two methods. The delay-time method controls the number of subunits in the oligoclusters by varying the time between the addition of HAuCl4 to alkaline solution and the subsequent addition of reducing agent, NaSCN. The yellow oligoclusters produced range in size from ~3 to ~25 nm. This size range can be further extended by an add-on method utilizing hydroxylated gold chloride (Na+[Au(OH4-x)Clx]-) to auto-catalytically increase the number of subunits in the as-synthesized oligocluster nanoparticles, providing a total range of 3 nm to 70 nm. The crude oligocluster preparations display narrow size distributions and do not require further fractionation for most purposes. The oligoclusters formed can be concentrated &#62;300 fold without aggregation and the crude reaction mixtures remain stable for weeks without further processing. Because these oligomeric clusters can be concentrated before derivatization they allow expensive derivatizing agents to be used economically. In addition, we present two models by which predictions of particle size can be made with great accuracy.

We describe a simple method for producing highly stable oligomeric clusters of gold nanoparticles via the reduction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) with sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN). The oligoclusters have a narrow size distribution and can be produced with a wide range of sizes and surface coats.

根据环境条件的金纳米粒子的稳定低聚簇的大小控制合成的一种简便方法

Reducing dilute aqueous HAuCl4 with sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN) under alkaline conditions produces 2 to 3 nm diameter nanoparticles. Stable grape-like ...

In Situ Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles without Aggregation in the Interlayer Space of Layered Titanate Transparent Films

Combinations of metal oxide semiconductors and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been investigated as new types of materials. The in situ synthesis of AuNPs within the interlayer space of semiconducting layered titania nanosheet (TNS) films was investigated here. Two types of intermediate films (i.e., TNS films containing methyl viologen (TNS/MV2+) and 2-ammoniumethanethiol (TNS/2-AET+)) were prepared. The two intermediate films were soaked in an aqueous tetrachloroauric(III) acid (HAuCl4) solution, whereby considerable amounts of Au(III) species were accommodated within the interlayer spaces of the TNS films. The two types of obtained films were then soaked in an aqueous sodium tetrahydroborate (NaBH4) solution, whereupon the color of the films immediately changed from colorless to purple, suggesting the formation of AuNPs within the TNS interlayer. When only TNS/MV2+ was used as the intermediate film, the color of the film gradually changed from metallic purple to dusty purple within 30 min, suggesting that aggregation of AuNPs had occurred. In contrast, this color change was suppressed by using the TNS/2-AET+ intermediate film, and the AuNPs were stabilized for over 4 months, as evidenced by the characteristic extinction (absorption and scattering) band from the AuNPs.

In Situ Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles without Aggregation in the Interlayer Space of Layered Titanate Transparent Films

Here, we present a protocol for the in situ synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) within the interlayer space of layered titanate films without the aggregation of AuNPs. No spectral change was observed even after 4 months. The synthesized material has expected applications in catalysis, photo-catalysis, and the development of cost-effective plasmonic devices.

在没有聚集的层状钛酸盐薄膜透明的层间金纳米粒子的原位合成

Combinations of metal oxide semiconductors and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been investigated as new types of materials. The in situ synthesis of AuNPs ...

工程学

Synthesis and Characterization of Amphiphilic Gold Nanoparticles

Gold nanoparticles covered with a mixture of 1-octanethiol (OT) and 11-mercapto-1-undecane sulfonic acid (MUS) have been extensively studied because of their interactions with cell membranes, lipid bilayers, and viruses. The hydrophilic ligands make these particles colloidally stable in aqueous solutions and the combination with hydrophobic ligands creates an amphiphilic particle that can be loaded with hydrophobic drugs, fuse with the lipid membranes, and resist nonspecific protein adsorption. Many of these properties depend on nanoparticle size and the composition of the ligand shell. It is, therefore, crucial to have a reproducible synthetic method and reliable characterization techniques that allow the determination of nanoparticle properties and the ligand shell composition. Here, a one-phase chemical reduction, followed by a thorough purification to synthesize these nanoparticles with diameters below 5 nm, is presented. The ratio between the two ligands on the surface of the nanoparticle can be tuned through their stoichiometric ratio used during synthesis. We demonstrate how various routine techniques, such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrometry, are combined to comprehensively characterize the physicochemical parameters of the nanoparticles.

Amphiphilic gold nanoparticles can be used in many biological applications. A protocol to synthesize gold nanoparticles coated by a binary mixture of ligands and a detailed characterization of these particles is presented.

两栖金纳米粒子的合成与表征

Gold nanoparticles covered with a mixture of 1-octanethiol (OT) and 11-mercapto-1-undecane sulfonic acid (MUS) have been extensively studied because of ...

Assembly of Gold Nanorods into Chiral Plasmonic Metamolecules Using DNA Origami Templates

The inherent addressability of DNA origami structures makes them ideal templates for the arrangement of metal nanoparticles into complex plasmonic nanostructures. The high spatial precision of a DNA origami-templated assembly allows controlling the coupling between plasmonic resonances of individual particles and enables tailoring optical properties of the constructed nanostructures. Recently, chiral plasmonic systems attracted a lot of attention due to the strong correlation between the spatial configuration of plasmonic assemblies and their optical responses (e.g., circular dichroism [CD]). In this protocol, we describe the whole workflow for the generation of DNA origami-based chiral assemblies of gold nanorods (AuNRs). The protocol includes a detailed description of the design principles and experimental procedures for the fabrication of DNA origami templates, the synthesis of AuNRs, and the assembly of origami-AuNR structures. In addition, the characterization of structures using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and CD spectroscopy is included. The described protocol is not limited to chiral configurations and can be adapted for the construction of various plasmonic architectures.

We describe the detailed protocol for the DNA origami-based assembly of gold nanorods into chiral plasmonic metamolecules with strong chiroptical responses. The protocol is not limited to chiral configurations and can be easily adapted for the fabrication of various plasmonic architectures.

利用 dna 折纸模板将金纳米产物组装成手性质浆细胞分裂体

The inherent addressability of DNA origami structures makes them ideal templates for the arrangement of metal nanoparticles into complex plasmonic ...

Preparation and Photoacoustic Analysis of Cellular Vehicles Containing Gold Nanorods

Gold nanorods are attractive for a range of biomedical applications, such as the photothermal ablation and the photoacoustic imaging of cancer, thanks to their intense optical absorbance in the near-infrared window, low cytotoxicity and potential to home into tumors. However, their delivery to tumors still remains an issue. An innovative approach consists of the exploitation of the tropism of tumor-associated macrophages that may be loaded with gold nanorods in vitro. Here, we describe the preparation and the photoacoustic inspection of cellular vehicles containing gold nanorods. PEGylated gold nanorods are modified with quaternary ammonium compounds, in order to achieve a cationic profile. On contact with murine macrophages in ordinary Petri dishes, these particles are found to undergo massive uptake into endocytic vesicles. Then these cells are embedded in biopolymeric hydrogels, which are used to verify that the stability of photoacoustic conversion of the particles is retained in their inclusion into cellular vehicles. We are confident that these results may provide new inspiration for the development of novel strategies to deliver plasmonic particles to tumors.

We show the preparation and address the feasibility of cellular vehicles containing gold nanorods for the photoacoustic imaging of cancer.

含有金纳米棒蜂窝车辆的制备及光声分析

Gold nanorods are attractive for a range of biomedical applications, such as the photothermal ablation and the photoacoustic imaging of cancer, thanks to ...

Gold Nanoparticle Synthesis

Gold nanoparticles (Au nanoparticles) that are ~12 nm in diameter were synthesized by rapidly injecting a solution of 150 mg (0.15 mmol) of tetrachloroauric acid in 3.0 g (3.7 mmol, 3.6 mL) of oleylamine (technical grade) and 3.0 mL of toluene into a boiling solution of 5.1 g (6.4 mmol, 8.7 mL) of oleylamine in 147 mL of toluene. While boiling and mixing the reaction solution for 2 hours, the color of the reaction mixture changed from clear, to light yellow, to light pink, and then slowly to dark red. The heat was then turned off, and the solution was allowed to gradually cool down to room temperature for 1 hour. The gold nanoparticles were then collected and separated from the solution using a centrifuge and washed three times; by vortexing and dispersing the gold nanoparticles in 10 mL portions of toluene, and then precipitating the gold nanoparticles by adding 40 mL portions of methanol and spinning them in a centrifuge. The solution was then decanted to remove any remaining byproducts and unreacted starting materials. Drying the gold nanoparticles in a vacuum environment produced a solid black pellet; which could be stored for long periods of time (up to one year) for later use, and then redissolved in organic solvents such as toluene.

A protocol for synthesizing ~12 nm diameter gold nanoparticles (Au nanoparticles) in an organic solvent is presented. The gold nanoparticles are capped with oleylamine ligands to prevent agglomeration. The gold nanoparticles are soluble in organic solvents such as toluene.

金纳米粒子合成

Gold nanoparticles (Au nanoparticles) that are ~12 nm in diameter were synthesized by rapidly injecting a solution of 150 mg (0.15 mmol) of ...

Synthesis of Functionalized 10-nm Polymer-coated Gold Particles for Endothelium Targeting and Drug Delivery

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been used extensively in medical research due to their size, biocompatibility, and modifiable surface. Specific targeting and drug delivery are some of the applications of these AuNPs, but endothelial extracellular matrices&#39; defensive properties hamper particle uptake. To address this issue, we describe a synthesis method for ultrasmall gold nanoparticles to improve vascular delivery, with customizable functional groups and polymer lengths for further adjustments. The protocol yields 2.5 nm AuNPs that are capped with tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride (THPC). The replacement of THPC with hetero-functional polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the surface of the AuNP increases the hydrodynamic radius to 10.5 nm while providing various functional groups on the surface. The last part of the protocol includes an optional addition of a fluorophore to allow the AuNPs to be visualized under fluorescence to track nanoparticle uptake. Dialysis and lyophilization were used to purify and isolate the AuNPs. These fluorescent nanoparticles can be visualized in both in vitro and in vivo experiments due to the biocompatible PEG coating and fluorescent probes. Additionally, the size range of these nanoparticles render them an ideal candidate for probing the glycocalyx without disrupting normal vasculature function, which may lead to improved delivery and therapeutics.

We describe a method of synthesizing biocompatible 10-nm gold nanoparticles, functionalized by coating poly-ethylene glycol onto the surface. These particles can be used in vitro and in vivo for delivering therapeutics to nanoscale cellular and extracellular spaces that are difficult to access with conventional nanoparticle sizes.

用于内皮靶向和药物传递的功能化10纳米高分子涂层金粒子的合成

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been used extensively in medical research due to their size, biocompatibility, and modifiable surface. Specific targeting ...