11.2 : 寡头垄断的类型：合谋

A collusive oligopoly is a market structure where a few dominant firms collaborate to influence prices and market strategies rather than compete.

This is done by a common method called price fixing, where agreed-upon prices are set to prevent price wars. Also, specific market segments for each firm are allocated, ensuring a more predictable environment.

This collusion can take the form of cartels, like the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, also called OPEC, where oil-producing nations collaborate to control oil prices.

This oligopoly allows firms to operate as a monopoly, controlling prices and supply, which can lead to higher profits.

The price stability benefits both the firms and consumers. Firms enjoy predictable revenues, and consumers don't face sudden price hikes.

While collusion helps maintain stable profits, it leads to higher consumer prices, limiting their choices.

Collusion also results in market manipulation or consumer harm, which can lead to legal consequences.