Name: preparation of polyoxometalate-based photo-responsive membranes for the photo-activation of manganese oxide catalysts
Uploaded: 2018-08-07T14:30:00.000+00:00
Duration: 5 min 47 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Preparation of Polyoxometalate-based Photo-responsive Membranes for the Photo-activation of Manganese Oxide Catalysts at JoVE.com

A. Y. 도쿄 대학 기계 시스템 혁신 프로그램에 대 한 우수성의 글로벌 센터 및 대학 도쿄 그랜트 박사 연구에 대 한 재정 지원을 받았다. 이 작품은 부분적으로 지원 JSP KAKENHI 특정에 대 한 젊은 과학자 (B) (17 K 17718).

그것은 일부이 종합에서 사용 되는 높은 산 및 부식성 화학 물질, 사용 하기 전에 모든 관련 물질 안전 데이터 시트 (MSDS)를 참조 하는 것이 좋습니다. 또한, 한 폴리머 (polyacrylamide)이이 작품에 사용 된 발암 성 모노 머, 아크릴 아 미드를 포함할 수 있습니다. 개인 보호 장비 (보호 안경, 장갑, 실험실 코트, 전장 바지, 폐쇄 발가락 신발)를 사용 하 여 화학 물질 또는 열에서 부상을 방지 하기 위해 필요 합니다. 가교 과정 실시, 후 막 샘플을 건조 하 고 모든 불필요 한 광화학 반응의 발생을 피하기 위해 어두운 조건에서 물에 저장 되어야 합니다.
1. POM/고분자 복합 막의 준비
참고: 합성 절차 헬렌 외. 기사에서 보고 하는 다음과 같습니다. 14, 제외 하 고는 POM의 금액 변경 되었습니다.
<ol><li>선구자 폴 리 비닐 알코올 (PVA) 솔루션의 준비<ol>
<li>50 mL 유리병에 폴 리 비닐 알코올 1000 (완전히 분해) 및 교 반 막대의 3 세대를 추가 합니다.</li>
		<li>유리병에 물 27 mL를 추가 합니다.</li>
		<li>물 목욕 감동 모든 폴 리 비닐 알코올 입자를 완전히 분해 하는 조건 아래에서 70 ° C에 유리병 열.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>선구자 polyacrylamide (PAM) 솔루션의 준비<ol>
<li>추가 polyacrylamide의 0.75 g ( 재료의 표참조) 50 mL 유리병을 교 반 바.</li>
		<li>유리병에 물을 29.25 mL를 추가 합니다.</li>
		<li>물 목욕 감동 모든 polyacrylamide 입자를 완전히 분해 하는 조건 아래에서 70 ° C에 유리병 열.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>POM와 고분자의 혼합 솔루션의 준비<ol>
<li>50 mL 유리병에 2 mL PVA 솔루션 및 팸 솔루션의 2 개 mL를 추가 합니다. 참고: 이러한 폴리머 솔루션 높은 viscocities로, 필수적 이다 정확 하 게 측정 하는 그들의 볼륨을.</li>
		<li>삼각형 모양의 교 반 바, 1 g H3비밀 번호12O40 의 유리병에 추가 합니다. 주의: H3비밀 번호12O40 높은 산 성 소재 이며, 냉장고에 저장 한다. 그것으로 작업 하는 경우 플라스틱 재료를 사용 하 고 아닌 금속 것 들.</li>
		<li>활발 한 교 반 조건 하에서 물 욕조 내에서 70 ° C에 유리병 열 및 70 ° c.에 leaching 후 6 h에 대 한 저 어로 진행</li>
		<li>핫 플레이트 (약 100 ° C)에 유리 기판 (5 x 5 cm2)를 배치 하 고 기판에 솔루션의 750 μ를 드롭. 참고: 솔루션 지켜져야 한다 뜨거운 congealing에서 중합체를 방지 하기 위해 삭제 과정 동안.</li>
		<li>샘플을 건조, 그것은 유지 하룻밤 어두운 상태에서 실내 온도.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>막 샘플에 대 한 가교 과정<ol>
<li>100 mL 유리병에 72 mL 증류수, 아세톤의 24 mL, 25%도 솔루션의 2 mL 및 HCl의 2 개 mL를 추가 합니다. 이 혼합물을 가교 시 약을 이라고 합니다.</li>
		<li>페 트리 접시 (약 9.5 cm 직경)에 유리 기판 샘플을 넣고 막 완전히 몰입 때까지 가교 시 약을 추가.</li>
		<li>30 분 후 증류수, 가교 솔루션 교체 하 고 한 번 씻어.</li>
		<li>주걱을 사용 하 여 유리 기판에서 막 껍질 하 고 어두운 조건에서 증류수에 그것을 저장 합니다. 이 폼/폴리머 막 POM/PVA/팸 이라고 합니다. 참고: 다음 과정 (기증자 금속 또는 MnOx 증 착 반응)에 대 한 멤브레인을 사용 하는 경우 필 링 오프 과정 한다 생략.</li>
		<li>사용 하 여 마이크로 라만 FT-적외선 분광학 POM/PVA/팸 막13의 화학 구조를 결정 하. PVA/팸 (부족 치) 샘플 참조로 동일한 방법에 의해 준비의 FT-적외선 스펙트럼을 가져가 라.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
</ol>2. POM/폴리머 막 기증자 금속 (Ce3 + 와 Co2 +)와 반응
<ol><li>Ce3 + 솔루션의 준비입니다.<ol>
<li>50 mL 유리병을 2.08 g Ce (3)3 • 6 H2O와 교 반 막대를 추가 합니다.</li>
		<li>유리병에 물 30 mL를 추가 하 고 모든 Ce (3)3를 해산 하기 위해 저 어.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>Ce3 + 막 샘플의 반응<ol>
<li>페 트리 접시 (약 9.5 cm 직경)에 막 샘플을 넣고 막 완전히 몰입 때까지 Ce3 + 솔루션을 추가.</li>
		<li>페 트리 접시 5 h 80 ° C에서 미리가 열된 오븐에 넣어.</li>
		<li>증류수와 Ce3 + 솔루션을 장착 하 고 한 번 세척.</li>
		<li>어두운 조건에서 증류수에 저장 합니다.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>Co2 + 솔루션의 준비<ol>
<li>사용 하 여 동일한 준비 및 Ce3 +, CoCl2• 6 H2O Ce (3) 대신3 • 6 H2o. 샘플의 1.14 g를 사용 하 여 제외 하 고 반응 절차와 Ce3 + Co2 + 반응 호출 폼/PVA/팸/Ce와 POM/PVA/팸/Co, 각각.</li>
		<li>이 연구에서 POM/PVA/팸/Ce와 POM/PVA/팸/Co의 마이크로 라만 스펙트럼 기증자 금속 이온13반응 후 비밀 번호12O403- 의 분자 구조를 결정 하기 위해 시험 되었다. 이 샘플의 광학 속성 또한 UV Vis 분광학을 사용 하 여 시험 되었다.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
</ol>3. 증 착이 MnOx 물 산화 촉매의
참고: 콜 로이드 MnOx 의 준비 및 증 착 절차 따라 그 페레즈 베니토 외. 198915 , 다카시마 외. 201216, 각각.
<ol><li>콜 로이드 MnOx 솔루션의 준비<ol>
<li>30 mL 비 커에 KMnO4 와 교 반 바 39.4 mg을 추가 합니다. 참고: 주의: KMnO4 는 높은 산화 물자; 그것으로 작업 하는 경우 플라스틱 숟가락을 사용 하 고 아닌 금속 것 들.</li>
		<li>비 커에 10 mL의 물을 추가 하 고 모든 KMnO4를 완전히 분해를 저 어.</li>
		<li>500 mL 둥근 바닥 플라스 크에 나2S2O3• 5 H2O와 타원형 모양의 교 반 막대의 50 밀리 그램을 추가 합니다.</li>
		<li>플라스 크에 물 20 mL를 추가 하 고 모든 나2S2O3를 완전히 분해를 저 어.</li>
		<li>활발 한 감동에서 drop-wise 플라스 크를 KMnO4 솔루션의 10 mL를 추가 합니다. 참고: KMnO4 솔루션 집계 MnO2의 형성을 방지 하기 위해 천천히 추가 되어야 합니다.</li>
		<li>KMnO4 솔루션을 추가한 후 즉시 플라스 크에 증류수의 470 mL를 추가 합니다.</li>
		<li>2 h 동안 교 반 계속 하 고 즉시 (살포) 다음 과정에 대 한 솔루션을 사용.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>막 샘플에 MnOx 콜 로이드 솔루션을 분사<ol>
<li>에 게 실리콘 고무의 증 착에 사용 될 영역을 결정 하는 마스크와 뜨거운 접시 (약 60 ° C)에 막 샘플을 놓습니다. 참고: MnOx 촉매의 증 착에 대 한 막 샘플 유리 기판에 배치 되어야 합니다. 경우는 막 하지 그들은 뜨거운 접시에 넣어 기판에서는 벗 겨 되어 있다. 증 착 과정에서 젖은 막의 표면을 유지 합니다. 마스크는 또한 세포 막에서 높은 공기 압력 스프레이 건에서 비행 하지 않도록 중량으로 작동 합니다.</li>
		<li>콜 로이드 MnO 자동된 스프레이에 연결 된 500 mL 병x 솔루션 핫 플레이트 위에 ( 재료의 표참조) 총 및 세포 막에 솔루션 스프레이 300 mL를 추가 합니다.</li>
		<li>병에 볼륨 감소 때 병에 남은 콜 로이드 솔루션을 추가 합니다.</li>
		<li>어두운 조건에서 증류수에 샘플을 저장 합니다. MnOx후-증 착, 샘플 폼/PVA/팸/Ce/MnOx 또는 라고 치/PVA/팸/Co/MnOx.</li>
		<li>전자 전송 속성 폼/PVA/팸/Co/MnOx 의 가시 광선 방사선 화학적 측정을 사용 하 여 특정 전극 전위에 감시 되었다. 화학적 실험을 실시, 막 샘플2O3 (ITO) 전극에서 Sn 첨가에 투명 한 조작 했다.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
</ol>

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J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Density+Functional+Study+of+the+Vibrational+Frequencies+of+&#945;-Keggin+Heteropolyanions.">Density Functional Study of the Vibrational Frequencies of &#945;-Keggin Heteropolyanions.</a> Chemical Physics. 287, 55-69 (2003).</li><li>Meng, Y., Song, W., Huang, H., Ren, Z., Chen, S. -. Y., Suib, S. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Relationship+of+Bifunctional+MnO2+Nanostructures:+Highly+Efficient,+Ultra-stable+Electrochemical+Water+Oxidation+and+Oxygen+Reduction+Reaction+Catalysts+Identified+in+Alkaline+Media.">Relationship of Bifunctional MnO2 Nanostructures: Highly Efficient, Ultra-stable Electrochemical Water Oxidation and Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts Identified in Alkaline Media.</a> Journal of the American Chemical Society. 136, 11452-11464 (2014).</li></ol>

저자는 공개 없다.

헬렌 그 외 여러분 에 의해 도입 된 가교 방법을 적용 하는 것이 중요 14 각자 서 있는 멤브레인을 개발 하는 것입니다. 이 연구에서 기본 폴리머로 비닐 아세테이트 적용 된 H3비밀 번호12O40 의 발생는 각자 서 있는 막의 형성을 방해. 그러나, 베이스 폴리머로 Nafion를 활용 하 여 막의 제조를 시도 하는 때 있었다와 Ce3 + Co2 +, 반응의 ?...

인공 광합성 또는 태양 전지를 사용 하 여 태양 에너지 변환 시스템의 개발은 세계 기후를 개량 할 수 있는 대체 에너지 자원의 제공을 활성화 하는 데 필요한 고 에너지1,2, 3,4. 사진 기능 재료 두 그룹, 반도체 기반 시스템 및 유기 분자 기반 시스템으로 광범위 하 게 분류 될 수 있습니다. 비록 많은 다른 시스템 유형이 개발 되어, 개선 해야 반도체 시스템 정확한 충전 전송 제어의 부족에서 고통 및 유기 분자 시스템은 적절 하 게 된 내구성 때문에 만들 수 사진-방사선 조사입니다. 그러나, 충전 전송 단위 컴포넌트로 무기 분자를 사용 하 여 이러한 각 문제를 개선할 수 있습니다. 예를 들어 프라이 외 oxo 브리지 금속 시스템 개발 mesoporous 실리 카의 표면에 융합 금속 대 금속 충전 전송 (MMCT) 사진-방사선에 의해 유도 하 고 광화학 산화 환 원 반응5, 를 실행할 수 있는 6 , 7 , 8 , 9.
우리의 그룹은 전자 수락자10,11,12, polynuclear 시스템의 사용 하는 기대와 함께 polyoxometalate (치 어)를 활용 하 여 polynuclear 시스템을 단일 원자 시스템 확장 될 것 이다 유도 및 멀티 전자 전달 반응의 제어에 유리한, 에너지 변환에 있는 중요 한 개념입니다. 여기에 설명 된 프로토콜에서 선물이 자세한 방법은 폴리머 매트릭스에서 작동 하는 우리가 최근13보고 POM 기반 MMCT 시스템을 준비 하는 데 사용. 막 형 구성 제품 구분 양극 및 음극 반응 제품에 대 한 유리한입니다. 높은 POM 내용으로도 각자 서 있는 막의 형성을 활성화 가교 방법 적용 되었다. 화학적 측정 기증자 금속의 적절 한 선택 키 대상 트리거링를 증명 합니다. POM/기증자 금속 시스템 표시 빛 조사에서 다중 전자 전송 촉매 활성화 사진 감광으로 작동 합니다. 비록이 작품 물 산화 반응에 대 한 다중 전자 전송 촉매제 MnOx 를 활용,이 사진 기능 시스템은 또한 반응의 다른 종류와 함께 사용 하기 위해 적용 다양 한 리딩, 기증자, 금속과 촉매를 이용 하 여.

<table><tbody><tr><td>Poly(vinyl Alcohol) 1000, Completely Hydrolyzed</td><td>Wako</td><td>162-16325</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Polyacrylamide, Mv 6,000,000</td><td>Polyaciences, Inc.</td><td>2806</td><td>May contain carcinogenic monomer, acrylamide.</td></tr><tr><td>12 Tungsto(VI)phosphoric Acid n-Hydrate</td><td>Wako</td><td>164-02431</td><td>Highly acidic</td></tr><tr><td>Acetone 99.5 + %(GC)</td><td>Wako</td><td>012-00343</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>25% Glutaraldehyde Solution</td><td>Wako</td><td>079-00533</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hydrochloric Acid 35-37%</td><td>Wako</td><td>080-01066</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cerium(III) Nitrate Hexahydrate 98 + %(Ti)</td><td>Wako</td><td>031-09732</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cobalt(II) Chloride Hexahydrate 99 + %(Ti)</td><td>Wako</td><td>036-03682</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pottasium Permanganate 99.3 + %(Ti)</td><td>Wako</td><td>167-04182</td><td>Highly oxydative</td></tr><tr><td>Sodium Thiosulfate Pentahydrate 99 + %(Ti)</td><td>Wako</td><td>197-03585</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Automatic spray gun</td><td>Lumina</td><td>ST-6</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

preparation of polyoxometalate-based photo-responsive membranes for the photo-activation of manganese oxide catalysts

이 문서에서는 충전 전송 chromophores 사진 활성화의 목적으로 polyoxotungstate (비밀 번호12O403-), 세 륨3 + (Co2 +), 전이 금속 이온 및 유기 폴리머를 사용 하 여 준비 하는 방법을 설명합니다 산소 진화 망간 산화물 촉매, 인공 광합성에 중요 한 구성 요소입니다. 가교 기술은 각자 서 있는 막 높은 비밀 번호12O403- 콘텐츠를 적용 했다. 법인 및 비밀 번호12O403- 폴리머 매트릭스 내에서 구조 보존 FT-적외선 및 마이크로 라만 분광학에 의해 확인 되었다 및 광학 특성 공개 UV Vis 분광학에 의해 조사 되었다 금속 대 금속 충전 전송 (MMCT) 단위의 성공적인 건설. MnOx 산소 촉매 진화의 증 착, 후 보이는 빛 조사에서 광 전류 측정 확인 순차 충전 전송, 미네소타 → MMCT 단위 → 전극, 및 광 전류 강도 산화와 일치 했다 기증자 금속 (Ce 나 Co)의 가능성이 있습니다. 이 메서드는 촉매 및 사진 기능 재료와 함께 사용 하기 위해 광자 흡수 부품을 포함 하는 통합된 시스템을 준비 하기 위한 새로운 전략을 제공 합니다.

고분자 매트릭스에 POM 구조의 보존 FT-적외선 및 마이크로 라만 분광학 (그림 1);에 의해 확인 되었다 POM의 Keggin 구조에 해당 하는 진동 봉우리, 관찰 되었다 그리고 중합체의 수소 POM와 결합으로 이동 될 것을 발견 했다. 분 광 분석 충전 전송 단위의 성공적인 건설을 결정 하는 데 매우 유용 했다 고 이것 또한 샘플 (그림 2)의 명?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Preparation of Polyoxometalate-based Photo-responsive Membranes for the Photo-activation of Manganese Oxide Catalysts at JoVE.com

Preparation of Polyoxometalate-based Photo-responsive Membranes for the Photo-activation of Manganese Oxide Catalysts

사진-망간 산화물 촉매의 활성화에 대 한 Polyoxometalate 기반 사진 반응 막의 준비

여기, 선물이 충전 전송 chromophores polyoxometalate/고분자 복합 막에 따라 준비 하는 프로토콜.

This paper presents a method to prepare charge-transfer chromophores using polyoxotungstate (PW12O403-), transition metal ions (Ce3+ or Co2+), and organic ...

preparation-polyoxometalate-based-photo-responsive-membranes-for

Universidad San Sebastian

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

7.6K 조회수.  The University of Tokyo. 여기, 선물이 충전 전송 chromophores polyoxometalate/고분자 복합 막에 따라 준비 하는 프로토콜.

비디오: Preparation of Polyoxometalate-based Photo-responsive Membranes for the Photo-activation of Manganese Oxide Catalysts

Preparation and Use of Photocatalytically Active Segmented Ag|ZnO and Coaxial TiO2-Ag Nanowires Made by Templated Electrodeposition

Photocatalytically active nanostructures require a large specific surface area with the presence of many catalytically active sites for the oxidation and reduction half reactions, and fast electron (hole) diffusion and charge separation. Nanowires present suitable architectures to meet these requirements. Axially segmented Ag|ZnO and radially segmented (coaxial) TiO2-Ag nanowires with a diameter of 200 nm and a length of 6-20 &#181;m were made by templated electrodeposition within the pores of polycarbonate track-etched (PCTE) or anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes, respectively. In the photocatalytic experiments, the ZnO and TiO2 phases acted as photoanodes, and Ag as cathode. No external circuit is needed to connect both electrodes, which is a key advantage over conventional photo-electrochemical cells. For making segmented Ag|ZnO nanowires, the Ag salt electrolyte was replaced after formation of the Ag segment to form a ZnO segment attached to the Ag segment. For making coaxial TiO2-Ag nanowires, a TiO2 gel was first formed by the electrochemically induced sol-gel method. Drying and thermal annealing of the as-formed TiO2 gel resulted in the formation of crystalline TiO2 nanotubes. A subsequent Ag electrodeposition step inside the TiO2 nanotubes resulted in formation of coaxial TiO2-Ag nanowires. Due to the combination of an n-type semiconductor (ZnO or TiO2) and a metal (Ag) within the same nanowire, a Schottky barrier was created at the interface between the phases. To demonstrate the photocatalytic activity of these nanowires, the Ag|ZnO nanowires were used in a photocatalytic experiment in which H2 gas was detected upon UV illumination of the nanowires dispersed in a methanol/water mixture. After 17 min&#160;of illumination, approximately 0.2 vol% H2 gas was detected from a suspension of ~0.1 g of Ag|ZnO nanowires in a 50 ml 80 vol% aqueous methanol solution.

Preparation and Use of Photocatalytically Active Segmented Ag|ZnO and Coaxial TiO2-Ag Nanowires Made by Templated Electrodeposition

Procedures are outlined to prepare segmented and coaxial nanowires via templated electrodeposition in nanopores. As examples, segmented nanowires consisting of Ag and ZnO segments, and coaxial nanowires consisting of a TiO2 shell and a Ag core were made. The nanowires were used in photocatalytic hydrogen formation experiments.

준비 및 광촉매 활성 분단 자세의 사용 | ZnO의 동축 티오<sub&gt; 2</sub템플릿 기반 전착에 의해 만들어진&gt; - 자세 나노 와이어

Photocatalytically active nanostructures require a large specific surface area with the presence of many catalytically active sites for the oxidation and ...

연구

공학

Layer-by-layer Synthesis and Transfer of Freestanding Conjugated Microporous Polymer Nanomembranes

CMP as large surface area materials have attracted growing interest recently, due to their high variability in the incorporation of functional groups in combination with their outstanding thermal and chemical stability, and low densities. However, their insoluble nature causes problems in their processing since usually applied techniques such as spin coating are not available. Especially for membrane applications, where the processing of CMP as thin films is desirable, the processing problems have hindered their commercial application.
Here we describe the interfacial synthesis of CMP thin films on functionalized substrates via molecular layer-by-layer (l-b-l) synthesis. This process allows the preparation of films with desired thickness and composition and even desired composition gradients.
The use of sacrificial supports allows the preparation of freestanding membranes by dissolution of the support after the synthesis. To handle such ultra-thin freestanding membranes the protection with sacrificial coatings showed great promise, to avoid rupture of the nanomembranes. To transfer the nanomembranes to the desired substrate, the coated membranes are upfloated at the air-liquid interface and then transferred via dip coating.

In this paper we describe the interfacial synthesis of conjugated microporous polymers (CMP) on sacrificial substrates, and the dissolution of the substrate for the preparation of freestanding CMP nanomembranes. In addition, we will describe how the fragile nanomembranes can be transferred to other substrates.

레이어로 레이어 합성 및 독립 구조로 서있는 공역 미세 다공성 고분자 Nanomembranes의 전송

CMP as large surface area materials have attracted growing interest recently, due to their high variability in the incorporation of functional groups in ...

화학

Improved Heterojunction Quality in Cu2O-based Solar Cells Through the Optimization of Atmospheric Pressure Spatial Atomic Layer Deposited Zn1-xMgxO

Atmospheric pressure spatial atomic layer deposition (AP-SALD) was used to deposit n-type ZnO and Zn1-xMgxO thin films onto p-type thermally oxidized Cu2O substrates outside vacuum at low temperature. The performance of photovoltaic devices featuring atmospherically fabricated ZnO/Cu2O heterojunction was dependent on the conditions of AP-SALD film deposition, namely, the substrate temperature and deposition time, as well as on the Cu2O substrate exposure to oxidizing agents prior to and during the ZnO deposition. Superficial Cu2O to CuO oxidation was identified as a limiting factor to heterojunction quality due to recombination at the ZnO/Cu2O interface. Optimization of AP-SALD conditions as well as keeping Cu2O away from air and moisture in order to minimize Cu2O surface oxidation led to improved device performance. A three-fold increase in the open-circuit voltage (up to 0.65 V) and a two-fold increase in the short-circuit current density produced solar cells with a record 2.2% power conversion efficiency (PCE). This PCE is the highest reported for a Zn1-xMgxO/Cu2O heterojunction formed outside vacuum, which highlights atmospheric pressure spatial ALD as a promising technique for inexpensive and scalable fabrication of Cu2O-based photovoltaics.

Improved Heterojunction Quality in Cu2O-based Solar Cells Through the Optimization of Atmospheric Pressure Spatial Atomic Layer Deposited Zn1-xMgxO

Here we present a protocol for synthesizing Zn1-xMgxO/Cu2O heterojunctions in open-air at low temperature via atmospheric pressure spatial atomic layer deposition (AP-SALD) of Zn1-xMgxO on cuprous oxide. Such high quality conformal metal oxides can be grown on a variety of substrates including plastics by this cheap and scalable method.

구리에서 개선 된 이종 접합 품질<sub&gt; 2</sub&gt; 입금 대기 압력 공간 원자 층의 최적화를 통해 태양 전지를 O 기반<br /&gt; 아연<sub&gt; 1-X</sub&gt; 마그네슘<sub&gt; X</sub&gt; O

Atmospheric pressure spatial atomic layer deposition (AP-SALD) was used to deposit n-type ZnO and Zn1-xMgxO thin films onto p-type thermally oxidized Cu2O ...

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic&#8211;Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer

The photoactive layer of a typical organic thin-film bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) solar cell commonly uses fullerene derivatives as the electron-accepting material. However, fullerene derivatives are air-sensitive; therefore, air-stable material is needed as an alternative. In the present study, we propose and describe the properties of Ti-alkoxide as an alternative electron-accepting material to fullerene derivatives to create highly air-stable BHJ solar cells. It is well-known that controlling the morphology in the photoactive layer, which is constructed with fullerene derivatives as the electron acceptor, is important for obtaining a high overall efficiency through the solvent method. The conventional solvent method is useful for high-solubility materials, such as fullerene derivatives. However, for Ti-alkoxides, the conventional solvent method is insufficient, because they only dissolve in specific solvents. Here, we demonstrate a new approach to morphology control that uses the molecular bulkiness of Ti-alkoxides without the conventional solvent method. That is, this method is one approach to obtain highly efficient, air-stable, organic-inorganic bulk-heterojunction solar cells.

A method for fully printable, fullerene-free, highly air-stable, bulk-heterojunction solar cells based on Ti alkoxides as the electron acceptor and the electron-donating polymer fabrication is described here. Moreover, a method for controlling the morphology of the photoactive layer through the molecular bulkiness of the Ti-alkoxide units is reported.

에 Ti-알콕사이드와 반도체 성 고분자를 기반으로 어느 정도의 인쇄 가능한 유기 - 무기 대량 이종 접합 태양 전지에 대한 형태 제어

The photoactive layer of a typical organic thin-film bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) solar cell commonly uses fullerene derivatives as the electron-accepting ...

Controlled Photoredox Ring-Opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Mediated by Ni/Zn Complexes

Here, we describe an effective protocol that combines photoredox Ni/Ir catalysis with the use of a Zn-alkoxide for efficient ring-opening polymerization, allowing for the synthesis of isotactic poly(&#945;-hydroxy acids) with expected molecular weights (&#62;140 kDa) and narrow molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn &#60; 1.1). This ring-opening polymerization is mediated by Ni and Zn complexes in the presence of an alcohol initiator and a photoredox Ir catalyst, irradiated by a blue LED (400 - 500 nm). The polymerization is performed at a low temperature (-15 &#176;C) to avoid undesired side reactions. The complete monomer consumption can be achieved within 4 - 8 hours, providing a polymer close to the expected molecular weight with narrow molecular weight distribution. The resulted number-average molecular weight shows a linear correlation with the degree of polymerization up to 1000. The homodecoupling 1H NMR study confirms that the obtained polymer is isotactic without epimerization. This polymerization reported herein offers a strategy for achieving rapid, controlled O-carboxyanhydrides polymerization to prepare stereoregular poly(&#945;-hydroxy acids) and its copolymers bearing various functional side-chain groups.

Controlled Photoredox Ring-Opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Mediated by Ni/Zn Complexes

A protocol for the controlled photoredox ring-opening polymerization of O-carboxyanhydrides mediated by Ni/Zn complexes is presented.

O-Carboxyanhydrides Ni/Zn 단지 중재의 Photoredox 반지 개통 중 합 제어

Here, we describe an effective protocol that combines photoredox Ni/Ir catalysis with the use of a Zn-alkoxide for efficient ring-opening polymerization, ...

Surface Functionalization of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Improved Moisture Resistance

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of porous inorganic materials with promising properties in gas storage and separation, catalysis and sensing. However, the main issue limiting their applicability is their poor stability in humid conditions. The common methods to overcome this problem involve the formation of strong metal-linker bonds by using highly charged metals, which is limited to a number of structures, the introduction of alkylic groups to the framework by post-synthetic modification (PSM) or chemical vapour deposition (CVD) to enhance overall hydrophobicity of the framework. These last two usually provoke a drastic reduction of the porosity of the material. These strategies do not permit to exploit the properties of the MOF already available and it is imperative to find new methods to enhance the stability of MOFs in water while keeping their properties intact. Herein, we report a novel method to enhance the water stability of MOF crystals featuring Cu2(O2C)4&#160;paddle-wheel units, such as HKUST (where HKUST stands for Hong Kong University of Science &#38; Technology), with the catechols functionalized with alkyl and fluoro-alkyl chains. By taking advantage of the unsaturated metal sites and the catalytic catecholase-like activity of CuII ions, we are able to create robust hydrophobic coatings through the oxidation and subsequent polymerization of the catechol units on the surface of the crystals under anaerobic and water-free conditions without disrupting the underlying structure of the framework. This approach not only affords the material with improved water stability but also provides control over the function of the protective coating, which enables the development of functional coatings for the adsorption and separations of volatile organic compounds. We are confident that this approach could also be extended to other unstable MOFs featuring open metal sites.

Robust functional catechol coatings were produced in one step by direct reaction of the material known as HKUST with synthetic catechols under anaerobic conditions. The formation of homogeneous coatings surrounding the entire crystal is ascribed to the biomimetic catalytic activity of Cu(II) dimers on the external surface of the crystals.

향상 된 수 분 저항 금속-유기 프레임 워크의 표면 기능화

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of porous inorganic materials with promising properties in gas storage and separation, catalysis and sensing. ...

Electrophoretic Crystallization of Ultrathin High-performance Metal-organic Framework Membranes

We report the synthesis of thin, highly intergrown, polycrystalline metal-organic framework (MOF) membranes on a wide range of unmodified porous and non-porous supports (polymer, ceramic, metal, carbon, and graphene). We developed a novel crystallization technique, which is termed the ENACT approach: the electrophoretic nuclei assembly for the crystallization of highly intergrown thin films (ENACT). This approach allows for a high density of heterogeneous nucleation of MOFs on a chosen substrate via the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) directly from the precursor sol. The growth of well-packed MOF nuclei leads to a highly intergrown polycrystalline MOF film. We show that this simple approach can be used for the synthesis of thin, intergrown zeolite imidazole framework (ZIF)-7 and ZIF-8 films. The resulting 500 nm-thick ZIF-8 membranes show a considerably high H2 permeance (8.3 x 10-6 mol m-2 s-1 Pa-1) and ideal gas selectivities (7.3 for H2/CO2, 15.5 for H2/N2, 16.2 for H2/CH4, and 2655 for H2/C3H8). An attractive performance for C3H6/C3H8 separation is also achieved (a C3H6 permeance of 9.9 x 10-8 mol m-2 s-1 Pa-1 and a C3H6/C3H8 ideal selectivity of 31.6 at 25 &#176;C). Overall, the ENACT process, owing to its simplicity, can be extended to synthesize intergrown thin films of a wide range of nanoporous crystalline materials.

A simple, reproducible, and versatile approach for the synthesis of intergrown, polycrystalline metal-organic framework membranes on a wide range of unmodified porous and non-porous supports is presented.

Ultrathin 높은 성능 금속-유기 프레임 워크 막의 전기 이동 화

We report the synthesis of thin, highly intergrown, polycrystalline metal-organic framework (MOF) membranes on a wide range of unmodified porous and ...

Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions

Developing photocatalytic H2 production devices is the one of the key steps for constructing a global H2-based renewable energy infrastructure. A number of photoactive assemblies have emerged where a photosensitizer and cobaloxime-based H2 production catalysts work in tandem to convert light energy into the H-H chemical bonds. However, the long-term instability of these assemblies and the need for hazardous proton sources have limited their usage. Here, in this work, we have integrated a stilbene-based organic dye into the periphery of a cobaloxime core via a distinct axial pyridine linkage. This strategy allowed us to develop a photosensitizer-catalyst hybrid structure with the same molecular framework. In this article, we have explained the detailed procedure of the synthesis of this hybrid molecule in addition to its comprehensive chemical characterization. The structural and optical studies have exhibited an intense electronic interaction between the cobaloxime core and the organic photosensitizer. The cobaloxime was active for H2 production even in the presence of water as the proton source. Here, we have developed a simple airtight system connected with an online H2 detector for the investigation of the photocatalytic activity by this hybrid complex. This photosensitizer-catalyst dyad present in the experimental setup continuously produced H2 once it was exposed in the natural sunlight. This photocatalytic H2 production by the hybrid complex was observed in aqueous/organic mixture media in the presence of a sacrificial electron donor under complete aerobic conditions. Thus, this photocatalysis measurement system along with the photosensitizer-catalyst dyad provide valuable insight for the development of next generation photocatalytic H2 production devices.

Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions

We have directly incorporated a stilbene-based organic dye into a cobaloxime core to generate a photosensitizer-catalyst dyad for photocatalytic H2 production. We have also developed a simple experimental setup for evaluating the light-driven H2 production by photocatalytic assemblies.

수성 에어로빅 조건에서 태양광 구동 H2 생산을 위한 광전지-코발록시메 하이브리드 개발

Developing photocatalytic H2 production devices is the one of the key steps for constructing a global H2-based renewable energy infrastructure. A number ...

Metal Oxide Heterojunction for Photocatalytic Activities

There is a significant global demand for improvements in synthesis techniques and their optimal characteristics, especially for industrial-scale applications. Sol-gel-based solution combustion synthesis (SG-SCS) is a simple method to produce ordered porous materials. In this regard, Pearson&#39;s hard and soft acids and bases theory assists in selecting host-dopant reactivity to form a proper heterojunction.
The formation of a heterojunction also changes the essential properties of the materials, improving photocatalysis via charge transfer or synergistic activities. A calcination temperature of 500 &#176;C is ideal for this process based on the results of the stability assessment via a differential thermogravimetry ratio analysis (DTG).
The nanoscale dimensions of the nanoparticles (NPs) and nanocomposites (NCs) generated were validated using X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Furthermore, the scanning electron microscopy micrographs and BET analyses confirmed the porosity nature of the materials. HRTEM, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray investigations established the materials composition. The study found that NCs degraded the acid orange 8 (AO8) color more efficiently than bare ZnO.

The development of a heterojunction boosts the photocatalytic activities of solution combustion synthesis, which is a time-/energy-efficient process. Advanced analytical characterization techniques were used in this protocol to evaluate the materials&#39; characteristics, and nanocomposites demonstrated improved acid orange-8 dye degradation.

There is a significant global demand for improvements in synthesis techniques and their optimal characteristics, especially for industrial-scale ...

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Persistent Luminescent Nanoparticles

Synthesis of Persistent Luminescent Nanoparticles for Rewritable Displays and Illumination Applications

Persistent luminescent nanoparticles (PLNPs) possess the capabilities to maintain extended longevity and robust emission even after the excitation has ceased. PLNPs have been widely used across various domains, including information displays, data encryption, biological imaging, and artistic decoration with sustained and vivid luminosity, providing boundless possibilities for a variety of innovative technology and artistic projects. This protocol focuses on an experimental procedure for the hydrothermal synthesis of PLNPs. The successful synthesis of enduring luminescent nanomaterials with Mn2+ or Cr3+ serving as a luminescent center in Zn2GeO4: Mn (ZGO: Mn) or ZnGa2O4: Cr highlights the universality of this synthetic method. On the other hand, the optical properties of ZGO: Mn can be changed by adjusting the pH of precursor solutions, demonstrating the tunability of the protocol. When charged with ultraviolet (UV) at a wavelength of 365 nm for 3 min and then stopped, PLNPs exhibit the remarkable capacity to generate afterglow efficiently and consistently, which makes them ideal for making two-dimensional rewritable displays and three-dimensional transparent, luminous artworks. This protocol outlined in this paper provides a feasible method for the synthesis of persistent luminescent nanoparticles for further illumination and imaging applications, opening up novel prospects for the fields of science and art.

저자 스포트라이트: 기능성 나노물질을 이용한 바이오이미징 및 치료의 발전

A protocol is presented for the synthesis of persistent luminescent nanomaterials (PLNPs) and their potential applications in rewritable displays and artistic processing utilizing the afterglow effect under ultraviolet light (365 nm) irradiation.

Synthesis of persistent luminescent nanoparticles for rewritable display and illumination applications(재기록 가능한 디스플레이 및 조명 응용을 위한 영구 발광 나노입자의 합성)

Persistent luminescent nanoparticles (PLNPs) possess the capabilities to maintain extended longevity and robust emission even after the excitation has ...

사진-망간 산화물 촉매의 활성화에 대 한 Polyoxometalate 기반 사진 반응 막의 준비

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준비 및 광촉매 활성 분단 자세의 사용 | ZnO의 동축 티오