3.3 : 財務諸表の分析：貸借対照表

A balance sheet is a financial statement that lists all the assets and liabilities of a business at a specific point in time.

 It comprises assets, liabilities, and shareholders' equity.

Assets represent what the business owns, including cash, inventory, trademarks, copyrights, buildings, and land.

In contrast, liabilities represent what a business owes, such as long-term borrowings like loans and current liabilities like unpaid expenses and accounts payable.

The balance sheet follows the accounting equation, where the company's assets must always equal the sum of liabilities and shareholders' equity.

This equation shows whether the company's resources or assets are financed through debt or equity.

It also shows the amount that the shareholders have invested in the business known as shareholders' equity.

A balance sheet is essential in evaluating the business's financial health and stability, indicating its ability to meet its short-term and long-term liabilities.

It helps stakeholders determine risk in the business, attract capital, and compare the business performance with its competitors.