<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>用于研究溃疡性结肠炎发病机制和治疗的实验性贮袋炎大鼠模型

<ol><li>Yang, M. L., Brar, M. S., Kennedy, E. D., De Buck Van Overstraeten, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Laparoscopic+versus+transanal+IPAA+for+ulcerative+colitis%3A+A+patient-centered+treatment+trade-off+study%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Dis+Colon+Rectum%22%5BJournal%5D)">Laparoscopic versus transanal IPAA for ulcerative colitis: A patient-centered treatment trade-off study.</a> Dis Colon Rectum. 67 (1), 107-113 (2024).</li>
<li>Aktas, M. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Current+status+and+surgical+technique+for+restorative+proctocolectomy+with+ileal+pouch-anal+anastomosis%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Balkan+Med+J%22%5BJournal%5D)">Current status and surgical technique for restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis.</a> Balkan Med J. 40 (4), 236-243 (2023).</li>
<li>Zhao, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Microbiota+DNA+translocation+into+mesentery+lymph+nodes+is+associated+with+early+development+of+pouchitis+after+ipaa+for+ulcerative+colitis%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Diseases+of+the+Colon+%26+Rectum%22%5BJournal%5D)">Microbiota DNA translocation into mesentery lymph nodes is associated with early development of pouchitis after ipaa for ulcerative colitis.</a> Diseases of the Colon & Rectum. 66 (11), e1107-e1118 (2022).</li>
<li>Ng, S. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Worldwide+incidence+and+prevalence+of+inflammatory+bowel+disease+in+the+21st+century%3A+A+systematic+review+of+population-based+studies%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Lancet%22%5BJournal%5D)">Worldwide incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century: A systematic review of population-based studies.</a> Lancet. 390 (10114), 2769-2778 (2017).</li>
<li>Pardi, D. S., D'haens, G., Shen, B., Campbell, S., Gionchetti, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Clinical+guidelines+for+the+management+of+pouchitis%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Inflamm+Bowel+Dis%22%5BJournal%5D)">Clinical guidelines for the management of pouchitis.</a> Inflamm Bowel Dis. 15 (9), 1424-1431 (2009).</li>
<li>Shen, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Treatment+of+pouchitis%2C+Crohn%27s+disease%2C+cuffitis%2C+and+other+inflammatory+disorders+of+the+pouch%3A+Consensus+guidelines+from+the+international+ileal+pouch+consortium%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Lancet+Gastroenterol+Hepatol%22%5BJournal%5D)">Treatment of pouchitis, Crohn's disease, cuffitis, and other inflammatory disorders of the pouch: Consensus guidelines from the international ileal pouch consortium.</a> Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 7 (1), 69-95 (2022).</li>
<li>Dalal, R. L., Shen, B., Schwartz, D. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Management+of+pouchitis+and+other+common+complications+of+the+pouch%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Inflamm+Bowel+Dis%22%5BJournal%5D)">Management of pouchitis and other common complications of the pouch.</a> Inflamm Bowel Dis. 24 (5), 989-996 (2018).</li>
<li>Li, K. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((A+new+rat+model+of+pouchitis+after+proctocolectomy+and+ileal+pouch-anal+anastomosis+using+2%2C4%2C6-trinitrobenzene+sulfonic+acid%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22J+Gastrointest+Surg%22%5BJournal%5D)">A new rat model of pouchitis after proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis using 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid.</a> J Gastrointest Surg. 25 (6), 1524-1533 (2021).</li>
<li>Drzymala-Czyz, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Discrepancy+between+clinical+and+histological+effects+of+dha+supplementation+in+a+rat+model+of+pouchitis%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Folia+Histochem+Cytobiol%22%5BJournal%5D)">Discrepancy between clinical and histological effects of dha supplementation in a rat model of pouchitis.</a> Folia Histochem Cytobiol. 50 (1), 125-129 (2012).</li>
<li>Santiago, P., Barnes, E. L., Raffals, L. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Classification+and+management+of+disorders+of+the+J+pouch%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Am+J+Gastroenterol%22%5BJournal%5D)">Classification and management of disorders of the J pouch.</a> Am J Gastroenterol. 118 (11), 1931-1939 (2023).</li>
<li>Lichtman, S. N., Wang, J., Hummel, B., Lacey, S., Sartor, R. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((A+rat+model+of+ileal+pouch-rectal+anastomosis%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Inflamm+Bowel+Dis%22%5BJournal%5D)">A rat model of ileal pouch-rectal anastomosis.</a> Inflamm Bowel Dis. 4 (3), 187-195 (1998).</li>
<li>Guarner, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Inulin+and+oligofructose%3A+Impact+on+intestinal+diseases+and+disorders%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Br+J+Nutr%22%5BJournal%5D)">Inulin and oligofructose: Impact on intestinal diseases and disorders.</a> Br J Nutr. 93, Suppl 1 S61-S65 (2005).</li>
<li>Kim, C. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((L-tryptophan+exhibits+therapeutic+function+in+a+porcine+model+of+dextran+sodium+sulfate+%28DSS%29-induced+colitis%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22J+Nutr+Biochem%22%5BJournal%5D)">L-tryptophan exhibits therapeutic function in a porcine model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis.</a> J Nutr Biochem. 21 (6), 468-475 (2010).</li>
<li>Valatas, V., Bamias, G., Kolios, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Experimental+colitis+models%3A+Insights+into+the+pathogenesis+of+inflammatory+bowel+disease+and+translational+issues%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Eur+J+Pharmacol%22%5BJournal%5D)">Experimental colitis models: Insights into the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease and translational issues.</a> Eur J Pharmacol. 759, 253-264 (2015).</li>
<li>Letson, H. L., Morris, J., Biros, E., Dobson, G. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Conventional+and+specific-pathogen+free+rats+respond+differently+to+anesthesia+and+surgical+trauma%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Sci+Rep%22%5BJournal%5D)">Conventional and specific-pathogen free rats respond differently to anesthesia and surgical trauma.</a> Sci Rep. 9 (1), 9399(2019).</li>
<li>Gu, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Saccharomyces+boulardii%2C+a+yeast+probiotic%2C+inhibits+gut+motility+through+upregulating+intestinal+serotonin+transporter+and+modulating+gut+microbiota%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Pharmacol+Res%22%5BJournal%5D)">Saccharomyces boulardii, a yeast probiotic, inhibits gut motility through upregulating intestinal serotonin transporter and modulating gut microbiota.</a> Pharmacol Res. 181, 106291(2022).</li>
<li>Akiyama, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Endoscopic+phenotype+of+the+j+pouch+in+patients+with+inflammatory+bowel+disease%3A+A+new+classification+for+pouch+outcomes%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Clin+Gastroenterol+Hepatol%22%5BJournal%5D)">Endoscopic phenotype of the j pouch in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A new classification for pouch outcomes.</a> Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 20 (2), 293-302 (2022).</li>
<li>Hata, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Pouchitis+after+ileal+pouch-anal+anastomosis+in+ulcerative+colitis%3A+Diagnosis%2C+management%2C+risk+factors%2C+and+incidence%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Dig+Endosc%22%5BJournal%5D)">Pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in ulcerative colitis: Diagnosis, management, risk factors, and incidence.</a> Dig Endosc. 29 (1), 26-34 (2017).</li>
<li>Gallo, G., Kotze, P. G., Spinelli, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Surgery+in+ulcerative+colitis%3A+When%3F+How%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Best+Pract+Res+Clin+Gastroenterol%22%5BJournal%5D)">Surgery in ulcerative colitis: When? How.</a> Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 32-33, 71-78 (2018).</li>
<li>Parks, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Proctocolectomy+without+ileostomy+for+ulcerative+colitis%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22BMJ%22%5BJournal%5D)">Proctocolectomy without ileostomy for ulcerative colitis.</a> BMJ. 2, 85-88 (1978).</li>
<li>Shebani, K. O., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Pouchitis+in+a+rat+model+of+ileal+J+pouch-anal+anastomosis%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Inflamm+Bowel+Dis%22%5BJournal%5D)">Pouchitis in a rat model of ileal J pouch-anal anastomosis.</a> Inflamm Bowel Dis. 8 (1), 23-34 (2002).</li>
</ol>

<table><tbody><tr><td>Anhydrous ethanol</td><td>Tianjin Fengchuan Chemical Reagent Technology Co., Ltd</td><td>China</td><td>Hematoxin-eosin Staining</td></tr><tr><td>Dextran Sulfate Sodium&amp;nbsp;</td><td>&amp;nbsp;Yeasen&amp;nbsp;</td><td>60316ES76</td><td>Used to induce pouch inflammation</td></tr><tr><td>Formaldehyde solution</td><td>Tianjin Zhiyuan Reagent Company</td><td>China</td><td>Hematoxin-eosin Staining</td></tr><tr><td>Gauze</td><td>Jiangxi Zhonggan Medical Equipment Company</td><td>China</td><td>Used for animal microsurgery</td></tr><tr><td>Hematoxylin</td><td>Beijing Zhongshan Jinqiao Company</td><td>China</td><td>Hematoxin-eosin Staining</td></tr><tr><td>Interferon &amp;gamma;&amp;nbsp; Detection reagent kit</td><td>Cloud-clone</td><td>SEA049Ra</td><td>Detecting inflammatory factors</td></tr><tr><td>Interleukin-10 detection kit</td><td>Cloud-clone</td><td>SEA056Ra</td><td>Detecting inflammatory factors</td></tr><tr><td>Interleukin-17 detection kit</td><td>Cloud-clone</td><td>SEA063Ra</td><td>Detecting inflammatory factors</td></tr><tr><td>Interleukin-6 detection kit</td><td>Cloud-clone</td><td>SEA079Ra</td><td>Detecting inflammatory factors</td></tr><tr><td>Iodophor</td><td>Tangpai Medical Equipment Co., Ltd</td><td>China</td><td>Used for animal microsurgery</td></tr><tr><td>Microscopic manipulation instruments</td><td>Aesculap</td><td>Germany</td><td>Used for animal microsurgery</td></tr><tr><td>Occludin</td><td>abcam</td><td>ab216327</td><td>Immunohistochemical testing</td></tr><tr><td>Sewing needle</td><td>Yangzhou Fuda Medical Equipment Co., Ltd</td><td>China</td><td>Used for animal microsurgery</td></tr><tr><td>tumor necrosis factor &amp;alpha; Detection reagent kit</td><td>Cloud-clone</td><td>SEA133Ra</td><td>Detecting inflammatory factors</td></tr><tr><td>Two person binocular surgical microscope</td><td>OPTON</td><td>Germany</td><td>Used for animal microsurgery</td></tr><tr><td>Xylene</td><td>Tianjin Yingda Rare and Precious Reagent Factory</td><td>China</td><td>Hematoxin-eosin Staining</td></tr></tbody></table>

a rat model of pouchitis following proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis using dextran sulfate sodium

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>作者聚焦：开发用于贮袋炎研究和治疗的大鼠模型

直肠结肠切除术和使用硫酸葡聚糖钠的回肠贮袋肛门吻合术后贮袋炎大鼠模型

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic immune-mediated disease that affects the entire colon and rectum with a relapsing and remitting course, causing ...

a-rat-model-pouchitis-following-proctocolectomy-ileal-pouch-anal

Universidad San Sebastian

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

A Rat Model of Pouchitis Following Proctocolectomy and Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis Using Dextran Sulfate Sodium

305 次观看.  Tianjin Medical University General Hospital. 由于对贮袋炎进行临床试验存在挑战，动物模型可以作为研究贮袋炎药物及其机制的宝贵工具。该协议描述了建立贮袋炎大鼠模型的方法。这种贮袋炎的实验动物模型为研究该病的发病机制和治疗提供了基础。凭借以前在小鼠喂养和 IPAA 手术建模方面的经验，将学习曲线压缩到大约 10 名受试者是可行的。此过程的一个关键步骤是 J 型贮袋的构?...

视频: 作者聚焦：开发用于贮袋炎研究和治疗的大鼠模型

Modeling Colitis-Associated Cancer with Azoxymethane (AOM) and Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)

Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) are at increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) over healthy individuals. This risk is proportional to the duration and extent of disease, with a cumulative incidence as high as 30% in individuals with longstanding UC with widespread colonic involvement.1 Colonic dysplasia in IBD and colitis associated cancer (CAC) are believed to develop as a result of repeated cycles of epithelial cell injury and repair while these cells are bathed in a chronic inflammatory cytokine milieu.2 While spontaneous and colitis-associated cancers share the quality of being adenocarcinomas, the sequence of underlying molecular events is believed to be different.3 This distinction argues the need for specific animal models of CAC.
Several mouse models currently exist for the study of CAC. Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), an agent with direct toxic effects on the colonic epithelium, can be administered in drinking water to mice in multiple cycles to create a chronic inflammatory state. With sufficient duration, some of these mice will develop tumors.4 Tumor development is hastened in this model if administered in a pro-carcinogenic setting. These include mice with genetic mutations in tumorigenesis pathways (APC, p53, Msh2), as well as mice pre-treated with genotoxic agents (azoxymethane [AOM], 1,2-dimethylhydrazine [DMH]).5 
The combination of DSS with AOM as a model for colitis associated cancer has gained popularity for its reproducibility, potency, low price, and ease of use. Though they have a shared mechanism, AOM has been found to be more potent and stable in solution than DMH. While tumor development in other models generally requires several months, mice injected with AOM and subsequently treated with DSS develop adequate tumors in as little as 7-10 weeks.6, 7 Finally, AOM and DSS can be administered to mice of any genetic background (knock out, transgenic, etc.) without cross-breeding to a specific tumorigenic strain. Here, we demonstrate a protocol for inflammation-driven colonic tumorigenesis in mice utilizing a single injection of AOM followed by three seven-day cycles of DSS over a 10 week period. This model induces tumors with histological and molecular changes closely resembling those occurring in human CAC and provides a highly valuable model for the study of oncogenesis and chemoprevention in this disease.8

Modeling Colitis-Associated Cancer with Azoxymethane AOM and Dextran Sulfate Sodium DSS

We demonstrate a protocol in which administration of the genotoxic agent azoxymethane (AOM) followed by three cycles of the pro-inflammatory agent dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) rapidly and consistently generates colon tumors in mice with morphologic and molecular similarities to those seen in human colitis-associated cancer.

建模结肠炎相关的癌症与​​氧化偶氮甲烷（AOM）和葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）

Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) are at increased risk of developing colorectal ...

科研

医学

Retinal Detachment Model in Rodents by Subretinal Injection of Sodium Hyaluronate

Subretinal injection of sodium hyaluronate is a widely accepted method of inducing retinal detachment (RD). However, the height and duration of RD or the occurrence of subretinal hemorrhage can affect photoreceptor cell death in the detached retina. Hence, it is advantageous to create reproducible RDs without subretinal hemorrhage for evaluating photoreceptor cell death. We modified a previously reported method to create bullous and persistent RDs in a reproducible location with rare occurrence of subretinal hemorrhage. The critical step of this modified method is the creation of a self-sealing scleral incision, which can prevent leakage of sodium hyaluronate after injection into the subretinal space. To make the self-sealing scleral incision, a scleral tunnel is created, followed by scleral penetration into the choroid with a 30 G needle. Although choroidal hemorrhage may occur during this step, astriction with a surgical spear reduces the rate of choroidal hemorrhage. This method allows a more reproducible and reliable model of photoreceptor death in diseases that involve RD such as rhegmatogenous RD, retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, central serous chorioretinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Creating experimental retinal detachments with a reproducible and sustained height of detachment, and without subretinal hemorrhage, is important for studying the pathophysiology of photoreceptor cell loss in retinal disease and evaluating potential therapeutic interventions. Here, we report such a method in detail.

视网膜脱离模型鼠害由透明质酸钠的视网膜下注射

Subretinal injection of sodium hyaluronate is a widely accepted method of inducing retinal detachment (RD). However, the height and duration of RD or the ...

Murine Colitis Modeling using Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)

Colitis can occur from viral or bacterial infections, ischemic insult, or autoimmune disorders; most notably Ulcerative Colitis and the colonic variant of Crohn&rsquo;s Disease - Crohn&rsquo;s Colitis. Acute colitis may present with abdominal pain and distention, malabsorption, diarrhea, hematochezia and mucus in the stool. We are beginning to understand the complex interactions between the environment, genetics, and epithelial barrier dysfunction in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and animal models of colitis have been essential in advancing our understanding of this disease. One popular model involves supplementing the drinking water of mice with low-molecular weight Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS), resulting in epithelial damage and a robust inflammatory response in the colon lasting several days 1.Variations of this approach can be used to model acute injury, acute injury followed by repair, and repeated cycles of DSS interspersed with recovery modeling chronic inflammatory diseases 2. After a single four-day treatment of 3% DSS in drinking water, mice show signs of acute colitis including weight loss, bloody stools, and diarrhea. Mice are euthanized at the conclusion of the treatment course and at necropsy dissected colons are processed and can be 'Swiss rolled" 3 to allow microscopic analysis of the entire colon or infused with formalin as "sausages" to allow macroscopic analysis. Tissue is then embedded in paraffin, sectioned, and stained for histologic review.

Murine Colitis Modeling using Dextran Sulfate Sodium DSS

Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) administered in the drinking water is an established murine inflammatory injury model of acute colitis. This protocol outlines the method for DSS treatment and the preparation of tissues.

小鼠结肠炎模型使用葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）

Colitis can occur from viral or bacterial infections, ischemic insult, or autoimmune disorders; most notably Ulcerative Colitis and the colonic variant of ...

生物学

Method of Direct Segmental Intra-hepatic Delivery Using a Rat Liver Hilar Clamp Model

Major hepatic surgery with inflow occlusion, and liver transplantation, necessitate a period of warm ischemia, and a period of reperfusion leading to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury with myriad negative consequences. Potential I/R injury in marginal organs destined for liver transplantation contributes to the current donor shortage secondary to a decreased organ utilization rate. A significant need exists to explore hepatic I/R injury in order to mediate its impact on graft function in transplantation. Rat liver hilar clamp models are used to investigate the impact of different molecules on hepatic I/R injury. Depending on the model, these molecules have been delivered using inhalation, epidural infusion, intraperitoneal injection, intravenous administration or injection into the peripheral superior mesenteric vein. A rat liver hilar clamp model has been developed for use in studying the impact of pharmacologic molecules in ameliorating I/R injury. The described model for rat liver hilar clamp includes direct cannulation of the portal supply to the ischemic hepatic segment via a side branch of the portal vein, allowing for direct segmental hepatic delivery. Our approach is to induce ischemia in the left lateral and median lobes for 60 min, during which time the substance under study is infused. In this case, pegylated-superoxide dismutase (PEG-SOD), a free radical scavenger, is infused directly into the ischemic segment. This series of experiments demonstrates that infusion of PEG-SOD is protective against hepatic I/R injury. Advantages of this approach include direct injection of the molecule into the ischemic segment with consequent decrease in volume of distribution and reduction in systemic side effects.

A unique rat liver hilar clamp model was developed for studying the impact of pharmacologic molecules in ameliorating ischemia-reperfusion injury. This model includes direct cannulation of the portal supply to the ischemic liver segment via a branch of the portal vein, allowing for direct hepatic delivery.

直接节段性肝内交付使用大鼠肝门部夹具模型方法

Major hepatic surgery with inflow occlusion, and liver transplantation, necessitate a period of warm ischemia, and a period of reperfusion leading to ...

Investigating Intestinal Inflammation in DSS-induced Model of IBD

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses a range of intestinal pathologies, the most common of which are ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's Disease (CD). Both UC and CD, when present in the colon, generate a similar symptom profile which can include diarrhea, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, and weight loss.1 Although the pathogenesis of IBD remains unknown, it is described as a multifactorial disease that involves both genetic and environmental components.2
There are numerous and variable animal models of colonic inflammation that resemble several features of IBD. Animal models of colitis range from those arising spontaneously in susceptible strains of certain species to those requiring administration of specific concentrations of colitis-inducing chemicals, such as dextran sulphate sodium (DSS). Chemical-induced models of gut inflammation are the most commonly used and best described models of IBD. Administration of DSS in drinking water produces acute or chronic colitis depending on the administration protocol.3 Animals given DSS exhibit weight loss and signs of loose stool or diarrhea, sometimes with evidence of rectal bleeding.4,5 Here, we describe the methods by which colitis development and the resulting inflammatory response can be characterized following administration of DSS. These methods include histological analysis of hematoxylin/eosin stained colon sections, measurement of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and determination of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, which can be used as a surrogate marker of inflammation.6
The extent of the inflammatory response in disease state can be assessed by the presence of clinical symptoms or by alteration in histology in mucosal tissue. Colonic histological damage is assessed by using a scoring system that considers loss of crypt architecture, inflammatory cell infiltration, muscle thickening, goblet cell depletion, and crypt abscess.7 Quantitatively, levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines with acute inflammatory properties, such as interleukin (IL)-1&beta;, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-&alpha;,can be determined using conventional ELISA methods. In addition, MPO activity can be measured using a colorimetric assay and used as an index of inflammation.8
In experimental colitis, disease severity is often correlated with an increase in MPO activity and higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Colitis severity and inflammation-associated damage can be assessed by examining stool consistency and bleeding, in addition to assessing the histopathological state of the intestine using hematoxylin/eosin stained colonic tissue sections. Colonic tissue fragments can be used to determine MPO activity and cytokine production. Taken together, these measures can be used to evaluate the intestinal inflammatory response in animal models of experimental colitis.

Experimental models of inflammatory bowel disease have allowed us to examine the complex innate and adaptive immune responses associated with pathogenesis. Using histological scoring, quantification of pro-inflammatory cytokines and myeloperoxidase activity, one can begin to assess these responses seen in inflammatory bowel disease.

调查在DSS诱导的鸡传染性法氏囊病模型的肠道炎症

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses a range of intestinal pathologies, the most common of which are ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's Disease ...

Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice

Diversion colitis (DC) is a frequent clinical condition occurring in patients with bowel segments excluded from the fecal stream as a result of a diverting enterostomy. The etiology of this disease remains ill-defined but appears to differ from that of classical inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Research aimed to decipher the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to the development of this disease has been severely hampered by the lack of an appropriate murine model. This protocol generates a murine model of DC that facilitates the study of the immune system's role and its interaction with the microbiome in the development of DC. In this model using C57BL/6 animals, distal parts of the colon are excluded from the fecal stream by creating a distal colostomy, triggering the development of mild to moderate inflammation in the excluded bowel segments and reproducing the hallmark lesions of human DC with a moderate systemic inflammatory response. In contrast to the rat model, a large number of genetically-modified murine models on the C57BL/6 background are available. The combination of these animals with our model allows the potential roles of individual cytokines, chemokines, or receptors of bioactive molecules (e.g., interleukin (IL)-17; IL-10, chemokine CXCL13, chemokine receptors CXCR5 and CCR7, and the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 4) to be assessed in the pathogenesis of DC. The availability of congenic mouse strains on the C57BL/6 background largely facilitates transfer experiments to establish the roles of distinct cell types involved in the etiology of DC. Finally, the model offers the opportunity to assess the influences of local interventions (e.g., modification of the local microbiome or local anti-inflammatory therapy) on mucosal immunity in affected and non-affected bowel segments and the on systemic immune homeostasis.

Murine distal colostomy provides a murine model for human diversion colitis, a predominantly lymphocytic colitis in colon segment excluded from the fecal stream.

小鼠远端结肠造口术, 一种新的 C57BL/6 老鼠转移性结肠炎模型

Diversion colitis (DC) is a frequent clinical condition occurring in patients with bowel segments excluded from the fecal stream as a result of a ...

Systematic Scoring Analysis for Intestinal Inflammation in a Murine Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis Model

Murine colitis models are tools that are extensively employed in studies focused on understanding the pathobiology of inflammatory intestinal disorders. However, robust standards for objective and reproducible quantification of disease severity remain to be defined. Most colitis analysis methods rely on limited histological scoring of small segments of intestine, leading to partial or biased analyses. Here, we combine high-resolution image acquisition and longitudinal analysis of the entire colon to quantify intestinal injury and ulceration in the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induced model of murine colitis. This protocol allows for the generation of objective and reproducible results without extensive user training. Here, we provide comprehensive details on sample preparation and image analysis using examples of data from DSS induced colitis. This method can be easily adapted to other models of murine colitis that have significant inflammation associated with mucosal injury. We demonstrate that the fraction of inflamed/injured and eroded/ulcerated mucosa relative to the complete length of the colon closely parallels clinical findings such as weight loss amid DSS-induced disease progression. This histological protocol provides a reliable time and cost-effective aid to standardize analyses of disease activity in an unbiased way in DSS colitis experiments.

Systematic scoring of intestinal inflammation using a free computer-assisted system is a powerful tool to quantitatively compare histopathological changes in colitis models characterized by the presence of ulcers and inflammatory changes. Histological colitis score evaluation strengthens clinical observations and facilitates data interpretation.

穆林·德克斯特兰硫酸钠诱导结肠炎模型中肠道炎症的系统评分分析

Murine colitis models are tools that are extensively employed in studies focused on understanding the pathobiology of inflammatory intestinal disorders. ...

免疫与感染

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>通过肠道作研究术后肠梗阻的小鼠模型

Postoperative Ileus Murine Model

Most patients experience postoperative ileus (POI) after surgery, which is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization time. POI is a consequence of mechanical damage during surgery, resulting in disruption of motility in the gastrointestinal tract. The mechanisms of POI are related to aberrant neuronal sensitivity, impaired epithelial barrier function, and increased local inflammation. However, the details remain enigmatic. Therefore, experimental murine models are crucial for elucidating the pathophysiology and mechanism of POI injury and for the development of novel therapies.
Here, we introduce a murine model of POI generated via intestinal manipulation (IM) that is similar to clinical surgery; this is achieved by mechanical damage to the small intestine by massaging the abdomen 1-3 times with a cotton swab. IM delayed gastrointestinal transit 24 h after surgery, as assessed by FITC-dextran gavage and fluorescence detection of the segmental digestive tract. Moreover, tissue swelling of the submucosa and immune cell infiltration were investigated by hematoxylin and eosin staining and flow cytometry. Proper pressure of the IM and a hyperemic effect on the intestine are critical for the procedure. This murine model of POI can be utilized to study the mechanisms of intestinal damage and recovery after abdominal surgery.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>术后肠梗阻鼠模型

We describe a murine model of postoperative ileus generated via intestinal manipulation. Gastrointestinal transit function, pathologic changes, and immune cell activation were assessed 24 h after surgery.

术后肠梗阻鼠模型

Most patients experience postoperative ileus (POI) after surgery, which is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization time. POI ...

直肠结肠切除术和使用硫酸葡聚糖钠的回肠贮袋肛门吻合术后贮袋炎大鼠模型

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术后肠梗阻鼠模型

术后肠梗阻鼠模型

术后肠梗阻鼠模型

直肠结肠切除术和使用硫酸葡聚糖钠的回肠贮袋肛门吻合术后贮袋炎大鼠模型

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视网膜脱离模型鼠害由透明质酸钠的视网膜下注射

小鼠结肠炎模型使用葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）

直接节段性肝内交付使用大鼠肝门部夹具模型方法

调查在DSS诱导的鸡传染性法氏囊病模型的肠道炎症

小鼠远端结肠造口术, 一种新的 C57BL/6 老鼠转移性结肠炎模型

穆林·德克斯特兰硫酸钠诱导结肠炎模型中肠道炎症的系统评分分析

术后肠梗阻鼠模型

术后肠梗阻鼠模型

术后肠梗阻鼠模型

建模结肠炎相关的癌症与氧化偶氮甲烷（AOM）和葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）