Name: visual evoked potential recordings in mice using a dry non-invasive multi-channel scalp eeg sensor
Uploaded: 2018-01-12T15:00:00.000+00:00
Duration: 6 min 19 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Visual Evoked Potential Recordings in Mice Using a Dry Non-invasive Multi-channel Scalp EEG Sensor at JoVE.com

这项工作得到了部分的支持, 重点研究机构, 重点-加州理工研究合作项目通过一笔赠款提供的主旨在2017年。也得到由韩国政府 (MEST) 资助的国家研究基金会 (NRF) 的研究补助金 (NRF-2016R1A2B4015381) 和由科学、信息和通信技术部资助的韩国脑研究所的 KBRI 基础研究方案和未来计划 (17-BR-04)。

动物照料和处理遵循了光州科学和技术研究所 (要点) 的体制方针。
注: 从鼠标中获取视觉诱发电位信号的过程包括四步骤: (1) 传感器组件, (2) 动物制剂, (3) 诱发电位测量, (4) 信号处理。
1. 传感器总成
<ol><li>为一个非侵入电极准备十六针。 注: 每个针型电极由三部分组成: 探头头柱塞、内部弹簧和枪管, 如图 1a所示。每个引脚的长度为13毫米, 可调节的弹簧预长度为1毫米。</li>
	<li>切割两块玻璃纤维衬底 (厚度: 1.5 毫米), 大小为 15 mm x 17 mm (宽度 x 高度)。 注: 导电玻璃纤维基板作为绝缘体, 它将多个信号分离, 同时从鼠标的头皮获得。</li>
	<li>使用精密雕刻机制作直径 1.2 mm 的十六孔, 如图 1c所示。<ol>
<li>均匀地展开探针协调在2毫米的间隔上平的基体: + 7/0, + 2/-2, + 2/0, + 2/+ 2, 0/-4, 0/-2, 0/0 (bregma), 0/+ 2, 0/+ 4,-2/-3,-2/-1,-2/+ 1,-2/-3,-4,-4/+ 2 (前后/横向与 bregma 的基础, 在 mm)24,25,26。</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>堆叠两个衬底和应用一滴快速作用胶粘剂之间的基板层, 产生一个双层的3毫米厚度支持十六稳定和平行电极在信号采集。</li>
	<li>手动将十六电极安装到衬底上。 注: 较小的孔直径会在同一长度下停止每个电极。每个孔直径略小于一个枪管的最厚直径 (1.3 mm), 这使得电极的紧固没有任何松动。</li>
	<li>焊锡和连接每个电极的结束焊料杯部分的触摸证明连接器。</li>
	<li>用热收缩导管遮盖和隐藏电绝缘的裸接点。</li>
</ol>2. 动物制剂
<ol><li>麻醉用腹腔注射氯胺酮的小鼠: 嗪 100:10 (100 mg/mL:10 毫克/毫升) 混合物与体重10µL/克的数量。 注: 在开始准备前, 检查动物的麻醉是否足够, 通过拉一条腿或调整尾巴。</li>
	<li>应用眼药膏, 用棉签使老鼠的角膜保持湿润。</li>
	<li>用头发剪掉头部和肩膀周围的毛发, 然后传播商业上可用的脱毛霜, 并将其保持在这个区域3-4 分钟。</li>
	<li>用刮刀将所应用的脱毛取出, 然后用湿纸巾擦拭好几次。</li>
</ol>3. 视觉诱发电位测量
注: 整个视觉诱发电位测量过程发生在一个黑暗的法拉第笼 (宽度 x 深度 x 高度:61 x 61 x 60 cm)。
<ol><li>将小鼠的头贴在小鼠耳道上, 并将其紧固到位, 将其安装在立体定向框架上。</li>
	<li>将传感器装入 custom-made 电极支架 (图 1b), 并将传感器支架固定在立体定向帧上, 如图 1d所示。</li>
	<li>找到灵活的 EEG 传感器, 同时考虑参考电极位置和 bregma 位置27。在此之后, 非常小心地降低传感器的垂直方向, 使阵列电极活塞接触鼠标的头皮均匀地弯曲的边缘。 注: 降低的距离小于1毫米, 这是可调整的柱塞长度。</li>
	<li>检查阻抗是否在正确范围内, 从100ω到2ω。当针脚的任何阻抗值超过范围28时, 重新定位电极。</li>
	<li>位置的照片刺激器20厘米远离鼠标的眼睛。</li>
	<li>在开始实验之前, 在黑暗的笼子里调整10分钟的小鼠以适应黑暗的视觉适应。<ol>
<li>设置实验装置的参数如下: 采样频率: 500 赫兹;缺口滤波:60 赫兹;刺激间间隔: 十年代;闪光持续时间:10 毫秒;闪光刺激次数: 100 试验/主题。 注: 闪光灯是白光 LED 照明, 有550± 20% lx, 距离为20厘米。</li>
	</ol>
</li>
</ol>4. 视觉诱发电位反应信号处理程序
<ol><li>
Epoching
	<ol>
<li>为了连续测量串行数据, 从 pre-stimulus 周期 (-300 毫秒) 到刺激周期 (600 毫秒), 根据闪光刺激的开始, 提取每个纪元以创建 single-trial 的诱发电位片段。 注: 由于我们重复提供闪光刺激超过100试验每一个主题, 总共100视觉诱发电位的世纪为每只老鼠在这一步提取。eeg epoching 是从连续测量的 eeg 信号数据中提取特定时间的过程。</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>
重新引用 (平均参考)
	<ol>
<li>计算每个时间点上所有十四电极通道上的 EEG 信号的平均值, 然后从每个通道中减去平均值。重复这一过程的所有视觉诱发时代。</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>使用有限冲激响应 (FIR) 滤波器对 ~ 1-100 赫兹的信号进行带通滤波。</li>
	<li>
基线校正
	<ol>
<li>计算每个通道的 pre-stimulus 周期 (基线周期,-300 ~ 0 毫秒) 的 EEG 信号的平均值, 然后从波形中的每个点减去这个平均值 (-300 ~ 600 毫秒)。这就调整了诱发电位反应的振幅轴, 以利于观察刺激后的脑电波变化。对所有的视觉诱发时代重复这一步。</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>
大视诱发电位反应
	<ol>
<li>平均 single-trial 诱发电位的时代, 为每个频道创造 single-subject 平均的诱发电位波形。然后, 计算每个频道对所有主题的视觉诱发电位响应的总体平均值。</li>
	</ol>
</li>
</ol>

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作者没有什么可透露的。

我们首先关注的是传感器的设计, 通过最小化复杂的手术程序来确定实用性。可变形 EEG 传感器由十六针组成: 十四用于记录, 一个用于地面, 最后一个用于参考电极。每个电极都有柱塞弹簧筒结构, 它将变形能力应用到电极的接触面上, 从而便于从弯曲的小鼠头皮上获得均匀稳定的信号。考虑到动物的福祉, 我们试图通过扩大皮肤电极界面的接触面积29来减轻弹簧力所引起的疼痛, 从而减少对皮肤施加的压力。
由整个多路电极组成的单个引脚可对厚度、长度、柱塞类型和弹簧强度有不同的规格。这些不同的选择应该考虑设计电极, 以减轻主体的痛苦。另外, 根据实验的目的, 可以对 pin 图阵列和电极数进行修改。电极架和玻纤基板可由其他方法和不同的设计制作, 如3D 打印方法30,31。
一般而言, 干电极的阻抗表现出更高的阻抗, 并且与湿电极32,33相比, 导致信号质量降低。我们可以确认在头皮上的均匀力下的十六电极的适当位置, 通过检查在适当范围内的阻抗从100ω到2ω: 该范围可与商业化的干式脑电图电极相媲美, 用于人类的33.阻抗值范围从296.2 ω到1522.6 ω (平均± SD: 825.2 ±443.2 ω)。同时, 由于内部弹簧对头皮造成的机械压力可能降低了电极的阻抗, 因此, 这可能会影响信号的改善34。虽然通过将导电胶应用到针头表面来提高信号质量是可能的, 但由于受限鼠标的头皮面积, 这可能会导致相邻引脚之间的信号干扰。
为了证明新设计的脑电图传感器的体内效用, 我们实现了与事件相关的电位记录范例, 这是典型的被动脑电模式之一。虽然我们在没有任何导电湿凝胶的情况下, 测量了小鼠头皮上的诱发电位信号, 但该信号与以前的 epicranial 脑电图的视觉诱发电位的结果是相同的27。在视觉诱发电位测量过程中, 所有零件的接地, 如立体定位框架和电极支架, 是减少外界电噪声的重要过程。我们还保持小鼠10分钟开始诱发电位试验, 为黑暗的视觉适应和主要感觉适应35,36。
最后, 我们演示了一个可重复的实验协议, 提供视觉诱发电位使用非侵入性干多通道小鼠头皮脑电图传感器。这里描述的方法是无创的, 因此它不需要任何额外的手术准备, 以及减少准备导电凝胶的时间, 如果使用干式电极。此外, 拥有多个电极的传感器使我们能够同时测量来自不同头皮区域的脑电波。所提出的无创头皮脑电传感器的方法, 可能有助于将基础科学成果与人类研究相结合、可靠和高效的转化研究领域。最终, 具有这些显著特性的方法为用户和主题提供了方便和安全。此外, 还有进一步的研究问题, 如提高信号质量, 比较信号质量与其他脑波采集方法, 并将这些方法应用到自由移动的鼠标。此外, 所提出的方法有进一步的可能性, 用于临床前小动物脑电图研究在体内, 大规模脑网络分析, 感官诱发电位记录, 并结合脑刺激或表面深部电生理记录方法。

随着老年痴呆症、老年痴呆症、帕金森综合征和中风的患者数量的增加, 随着人口老龄化和预期寿命的增加, 这些疾病的长期社会负担已还增加了1、2、3。此外, 大多数神经发育疾病, 如精神分裂症和自闭症, 伴有认知和行为障碍, 影响患者的整个生活2,3,4。因此, 研究人员一直在努力改善诊断, 预防, 病理理解, 长期观察和治疗脑部疾病。然而, 问题仍然源于大脑的复杂性和未疾病的病态。翻译研究可能是一个有前途的工具, 以确定解决方案, 因为它使基础研究的转移, 以更短的时间框架内的临床应用, 以较低的成本, 并与更高的成功率在神经科学领域5 ,6,7。翻译研究的另一个目标是检查人体的适用性, 这需要在动物身上进行非侵入性的实验方法, 以便与人类的相同方法进行比较。这些条件已经导致了一些重要的需要发展非侵入性动物的准备方法。一种方法是脑电图 (eeg), 它揭示了皮质脑连接和活动 two-dimensionally 的高时间分辨率, 并受益于非侵入性的协议。事件相关电位记录 (ERP) 是利用 EEG 的典型实验范式之一。
以往的许多研究都采用了非侵入性脑电图方法, 针对人类的对象, 而侵入的方法, 如植入螺钉和极型电极, 已被用于动物研究8,9,10,11,12. 这些方法的信号质量和特性明显依赖于传感器位置的侵入性。为成功的翻译研究, 加纳强调使用相同的条件进行动物研究的那些用于人类研究13。然而, 对于使用动物的基础研究, 非侵入性脑电图方法并不普遍。一种新的方法, 使用非侵入性头皮脑电图传感器系统的重点是实验室小鼠将是一个可靠的和有效的工具, 可用于人类的非侵入性的范式的转化研究, 以及。
众多的鼠标脑电图研究 led 的方式商业化 PCB (印制电路板) 基于多通道电极14,15,16。虽然他们采取了侵入性的方法, 他们有一个有限的通道数 (3-8), 这使得它更难观察 large-scale 脑动力学。此外, 其侵入和高成本也可以限制应用。在另一项研究中, KIST (韩国科学和技术研究所) 开发了40通道 polyimide-based 薄膜电极, 并将其连接到鼠标的头骨17,18,19,20.这项工作获得了最大数量的鼠标脑电图通道。然而, 它是机械薄弱, 不容易重用;因此, 它不适合长期观察, 导致信号减弱, 可能是由免疫反应引起的。同时, Troncoso 和 Mégevand 获得了一种感官诱发电位 (SEP) 对啮齿动物的头骨与三十二不锈钢电极的穿孔聚 (甲基丙烯酸甲酯) (PMMA, 丙烯酸玻璃) 网格21,22,23. 尽管信号质量高, 但电极具有机械弹性和柔软性;因此, 他们在多项实验中遇到了困难。此外, 这种方法仍然是微创的。虽然这些方法提供了良好的信号质量, 但小鼠颅骨的表面积有限, 因此电极的数量受到限制, 使用的是不锈钢极型电极。以前的一些小鼠脑电图研究显示了一些局限性。在本研究中, 我们将展示一种新的测量脑电图的方法, 适用于临床前的翻译研究使用无创干式多通道传感器。
为了克服以往动物脑电图方法的局限性, 包括动物制剂的内在复杂性、侵袭性、高成本、浪费和弱机械强度, 我们试图开发一种新的电极, 它展示了灵活性、干式状态、多通道功能、侵入和性。在下面的协议, 我们将描述的过程, 测量视觉诱发电位 (诱发电位) 记录鼠标头皮使用干燥, 无创, 多通道脑电图传感器。这种方法利用了很容易获得的资源, 从而降低了进入生物医学工程领域的动物实验的门槛。

<table><tbody><tr><td>Ketamine 50 Inj. (Vial)</td><td>Yuhan</td><td>-</td><td>Ketamine HCl 57.68 mg</td></tr><tr><td>Zoletil 50 Inj.</td><td>Virbac</td><td>-</td><td>Tiletamina 125 mg/ Zolazepam 125 mg</td></tr><tr><td>Rompun 2% Inj.</td><td>BAYER</td><td>-</td><td>Xylazine hydrochloride 23.32mg/mL</td></tr><tr><td>Hycell solution 2%</td><td>Samil</td><td>-</td><td>Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 20 mg</td></tr><tr><td>Puralube Vet Ointment 3.5 mg</td><td>Pharmaderm</td><td>-</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Saline solution Inj.</td><td>&amp;nbsp;JW Pharmaceutical&amp;nbsp;</td><td>-</td><td>NaCl 9 g/1000 mL</td></tr><tr><td>Veet Hair Removal Cream &amp;ndash; Legs &amp;amp; Body - Sensitive Skin</td><td>Reckitt Benckiser</td><td>-</td><td>depilatory</td></tr><tr><td>Skins - Surgical Skin Marker</td><td>Surgmed</td><td>S-3000</td><td>STERILE - Multi-Tip Fine Marker with ruler and label set</td></tr><tr><td>Stainless Steel Micro Spatulas</td><td>HEATHROW SCIENTIFIC</td><td>HS15907</td><td>&amp;nbsp;One Round Flat End, 2L x 5/16W&quot;</td></tr><tr><td>cotton swap</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Stereotaxic, Desktop Digi Single</td><td>RWD Life Science</td><td>68025</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Mouse Adapter</td><td>RWD Life Science</td><td>68010</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ear Bar for Mouse Non-Rupture</td><td>RWD Life Science</td><td>68306</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Mitsar-EEG 202-24&amp;nbsp;</td><td>MITSAR</td><td></td><td>amplifier</td></tr><tr><td>EEGStudio EEG acquisition software</td><td>MITSAR</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>White flash stimulator&amp;nbsp;</td><td>MITSAR</td><td>MITSAR Flash stimulator</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>BCI2000 software</td><td>Schalk lab</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>g.USBamp</td><td>g.tec</td><td>0216</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>g.Power-g.USBamp</td><td>g.tec</td><td>0247</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>&amp;nbsp;441 style straight body Touch Proof connector</td><td>PlasticsOne</td><td>441000PSW080001</td><td>441 - 000 PSW 80&quot; (BLACK)</td></tr><tr><td>Standard probe</td><td>LEENO</td><td>SK100CSW</td><td>http://www.globalinterpark.com/detail/detail?prdNo=2114277241&amp;amp;dispNo=001851006012</td></tr><tr><td>Precision engraving machine tools</td><td>TINYROBO</td><td>TinyCNC-6060C</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Heat shirink</td><td>3M</td><td>FP301</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

visual evoked potential recordings in mice using a dry non-invasive multi-channel scalp eeg sensor

对于实验室小鼠的头皮脑电图研究环境, 我们设计了一种干式16通道脑电图传感器, 由于柱塞弹簧筒结构面和金属的机械强度, 它是无创、可变形和可重用的。材料.从小鼠体内获取视觉诱发电位反应的整个过程包括四步骤: (1) 传感器组件, (2) 动物制剂, (3) 诱发电位测量, (4) 信号处理。本文介绍了具有微米电压信号分辨率和 sub-hundred 毫秒时间分辨率的多小鼠诱发电位反应的有代表性的测量方法。虽然所提出的方法比其他以前报道的动物脑电图获取方法更安全、更方便, 但仍存在一些问题, 包括如何提高信噪比以及如何将这种技术应用于自由运动的动物。该方法利用了较易获得的资源, 并以满意的信号质量显示重复的诱发电位响应。因此, 该方法可用于纵向实验研究和利用非侵入范式进行可靠的平移研究。

我们计算了十一只小鼠诱发电位反应的平均集合, 如图 2所示。这一结果表明, 通过这个实验获得的诱发电位反应从预期 (-300 毫秒) 到 post-stimulation 周期 (600 毫秒), 因为刺激是在时间 0 s。值得注意的是, 信号在刺激后仅波动一段时间 (少于300毫秒), 而信号在 post-stimulation 期间稳定稳定。此外, 十四通道可以分为几个组的基础上, 视觉诱发电位反应, 揭示相似的形态和模式29。这一方法提供了对脑电波动力学的理解从时间和空间的质量方面的见解。
<img alt="Figure 1" class="xfigimg" src="/files/ftp_upload/56927/56927fig1.jpg"> 图 1: 鼠标脑电图传感器描述和使用鼠标脑电图传感器的说明.(a) 16 针脑电图电极 (b) 定制的电极支架 (c) 十六电极阵列 pin 图;在黑色 (d)、活体小鼠 EEG 测量中, 使用所提出的传感器和在立体定位框架上的自定义支架, 将接地电极 (地线) 和参考电极 (Ref) 加亮。此图已从29中修改。<a href="//cloudflare-jove-com.bdigitaluss.remotexs.co/files/ftp_upload/56927/56927fig1large.jpg" target="_blank">请单击此处查看此图的较大版本.</a>
<img alt="Figure 2" class="xfigimg" src="/files/ftp_upload/56927/56927fig2.jpg"> 图 2: 具有代表性的视觉诱发电位实验结果来自十四频道.预期 (-300 毫秒) 至 post-stimulation 期 (600 毫秒) 的所有十一受试者和所有试验的大平均视觉诱发电位信号。<a href="//cloudflare-jove-com.bdigitaluss.remotexs.co/files/ftp_upload/56927/56927fig2large.jpg" target="_blank">请单击此处查看此图的较大版本.</a>

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Visual Evoked Potential Recordings in Mice Using a Dry Non-invasive Multi-channel Scalp EEG Sensor at JoVE.com

Visual Evoked Potential Recordings in Mice Using a Dry Non-invasive Multi-channel Scalp EEG Sensor

我们设计了一种干式16通道脑电图传感器, 它是无创、可变形和可重用的。本文介绍了利用干无创多通道脑电传感器对小鼠头皮上的视觉诱发电位 (诱发电位) 信号进行处理的全过程。

干无创多通道头皮脑电传感器在小鼠视觉诱发电位记录中的应用

For scalp EEG research environments with laboratory mice, we designed a dry-type 16 channel EEG sensor which is non-invasive, deformable, and re-usable ...

visual-evoked-potential-recordings-mice-using-dry-non-invasive-multi

Universidad San Sebastian

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

8.8K 次观看.  Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST). 我们设计了一种干式16通道脑电图传感器, 它是无创、可变形和可重用的。本文介绍了利用干无创多通道脑电传感器对小鼠头皮上的视觉诱发电位 (诱发电位) 信号进行处理的全过程。

视频: Visual Evoked Potential Recordings in Mice Using a Dry Non-invasive Multi-channel Scalp EEG Sensor

High-density EEG Recordings of the Freely Moving Mice using Polyimide-based Microelectrode

Electroencephalogram (EEG) indicates the averaged electrical activity of the neuronal populations on a large-scale level. It is widely utilized as a noninvasive brain monitoring tool in cognitive neuroscience as well as a diagnostic tool for epilepsy and sleep disorders in neurology. However, the underlying mechanism of EEG rhythm generation is still under the veil. Recently introduced polyimide-based microelectrode (PBM-array) for high resolution mouse EEG1 is one of the trials to answer the neurophysiological questions on EEG signals based on a rich genetic resource that the mouse model contains for the analysis of complex EEG generation process. This application of nanofabricated PBM-array to mouse skull is an efficient tool for collecting large-scale brain activity of transgenic mice and accommodates to identify the neural correlates to certain EEG rhythms in conjunction with behavior. However its ultra-thin thickness and bifurcated structure cause a trouble in handling and implantation of PBM-array. In the presented video, the preparation and surgery steps for the implantation of PBM-array on a mouse skull are described step by step. Handling and surgery tips to help researchers succeed in implantation are also provided.

In this article, we described the surgery procedure and handling tips for implantation of ultra-thin polyimide-based microelectrode array (PBM-array) on the mouse skull for acquisition of high-density encephalography (EEG) in a mouse model.

高密度的自由移动，使用基于聚酰亚胺的微电极的小鼠的脑电图记录

Electroencephalogram (EEG) indicates the averaged electrical activity of the neuronal populations on a large-scale level. It is widely utilized as a ...

科研

神经科学

Simultaneous Video-EEG-ECG Monitoring to Identify Neurocardiac Dysfunction in Mouse Models of Epilepsy

In epilepsy, seizures can evoke cardiac rhythm disturbances such as heart rate changes, conduction blocks, asystoles, and arrhythmias, which can potentially increase risk of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG) are widely used clinical diagnostic tools to monitor for abnormal brain and cardiac rhythms in patients. Here, a technique to simultaneously record video, EEG, and ECG in mice to measure behavior, brain, and cardiac activities, respectively, is described. The technique described herein utilizes a tethered (i.e., wired) recording configuration in which the implanted electrode on the head of the mouse is hard-wired to the recording equipment. Compared to wireless telemetry recording systems, the tethered arrangement possesses several technical advantages such as a greater possible number of channels for recording EEG or other biopotentials; lower electrode costs; and greater frequency bandwidth (i.e., sampling rate) of recordings. The basics of this technique can also be easily modified to accommodate recording other biosignals, such as electromyography (EMG) or plethysmography for assessment of muscle and respiratory activity, respectively. In addition to describing how to perform the EEG-ECG recordings, we also detail methods to quantify the resulting data for seizures, EEG spectral power, cardiac function, and heart rate variability, which we demonstrate in an example experiment using a mouse with epilepsy due to Kcna1 gene deletion. Video-EEG-ECG monitoring in mouse models of epilepsy or other neurological disease provides a powerful tool to identify dysfunction at the level of the brain, heart, or brain-heart interactions.

Here, we present a protocol to record brain and heart bio signals in mice using simultaneous video, electroencephalography (EEG), and electrocardiography (ECG). We also describe methods to analyze the resulting EEG-ECG recordings for seizures, EEG spectral power, cardiac function, and heart rate variability.

同步视频脑电图-心电图监测对小鼠癫痫模型 Neurocardiac 功能障碍的鉴别

In epilepsy, seizures can evoke cardiac rhythm disturbances such as heart rate changes, conduction blocks, asystoles, and arrhythmias, which can ...

遗传学

Implantation and Recording of Wireless Electroretinogram and Visual Evoked Potential in Conscious Rats

The full-field electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potential (VEP) are useful tools to assess retinal and visual pathway integrity in both laboratory and clinical settings. Currently, preclinical ERG and VEP measurements are performed with anesthesia to ensure stable electrode placements. However, the very presence of anesthesia has been shown to contaminate normal physiological responses. To overcome these anesthesia confounds, we develop a novel platform to assay ERG and VEP in conscious rats. Electrodes are surgically implanted sub-conjunctivally on the eye to assay the ERG and epidurally over the visual cortex to measure the VEP. A range of amplitude and sensitivity/timing parameters are assayed for both the ERG and VEP at increasing luminous energies. The ERG and VEP signals are shown to be stable and repeatable for at least 4 weeks post surgical implantation. This ability to record ERG and VEP signals without anesthesia confounds in the preclinical setting should provide superior translation to clinical data.

We show surgical implantation and Recording procedures to measure visual electrophysiological signals from the eye (electroretinogram) and brain (visual evoked potential) in conscious rats, which is more analogous to the human condition where recordings are conducted without anesthesia confounds.

植入和无线电图记录和视觉诱发电位清醒大鼠

The full-field electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potential (VEP) are useful tools to assess retinal and visual pathway integrity in both ...

行为学

Inducing Post-Traumatic Epilepsy in a Mouse Model of Repetitive Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of acquired epilepsy. TBI can result in a focal or diffuse brain injury. Focal injury is a result of direct mechanical forces, sometimes penetrating through the cranium, creating a direct lesion in the brain tissue. These are visible during brain imaging as areas with contusion, laceration, and hemorrhage. Focal lesions induce neuronal death and glial scar formation and are present in 20%&minus;25% of all people who incur a TBI. However, in the majority of TBI cases, injury is caused by acceleration-deceleration forces and subsequent tissue shearing, resulting in nonfocal, diffuse damage. A subpopulation of TBI patients continues to develop post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) after a latency period of months or years. Currently, it is impossible to predict which patients will develop PTE, and seizures in PTE patients are challenging to control, necessitating further research. Until recently, the field was limited to only two animal/rodent models with validated spontaneous post-traumatic seizures, both presenting with large focal lesions with massive tissue loss in the cortex and sometimes subcortical structures. In contrast to these approaches, it was determined that diffuse TBI induced using a modified weight drop model is sufficient to initiate development of spontaneous convulsive and non-convulsive seizures, even in the absence of focal lesions or tissue loss. Similar to human patients with acquired post-traumatic epilepsy, this model presents with a latency period after injury before seizure onset. In this protocol, the community will be provided with a new model of post-traumatic epilepsy, detailing how to induce diffuse non-lesional TBI followed by continuous long-term video-electroencephalographic animal monitoring over the course of several months. This protocol will detail animal handling, the weight drop procedure, the electrode placement for two acquisition systems, and the frequent challenges encountered during each of the steps of surgery, postoperative monitoring, and data acquisition.

This systematic protocol describes a new animal model of post-traumatic epilepsy after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. The first part details steps for traumatic brain injury induction using a modified weight drop model. The second part provides instructions on the surgical approach for single- and multi-channel electroencephalographic data acquisition systems.

在重复性扩散创伤性脑损伤小鼠模型中诱导创伤后癫痫

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of acquired epilepsy. TBI can result in a focal or diffuse brain injury. Focal injury is a result of ...

Simultaneous Recording of Electroretinography and Visual Evoked Potentials in Anesthetized Rats

The electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potential (VEP) are commonly used to assess the integrity of the visual pathway. The ERG measures the electrical responses of the retina to light stimulation, while the VEP measures the corresponding functional integrity of the visual pathways from the retina to the primary visual cortex following the same light event. The ERG waveform can be broken down into components that reflect responses from different retinal neuronal and glial cell classes. The early components of the VEP waveform represent the integrity of the optic nerve and higher cortical centers. These recordings can be conducted in isolation or together, depending on the application. The methodology described in this paper allows simultaneous assessment of retinal and cortical visual evoked electrophysiology from both eyes and both hemispheres. This is a useful way to more comprehensively assess retinal function and the upstream effects that changes in retinal function can have on visual evoked cortical function.

This protocol describes simultaneous measurement of electroretinogram and visual evoked potentials in anesthetized rats.

电图同时记录和麻醉大鼠视觉诱发电位

The electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potential (VEP) are commonly used to assess the integrity of the visual pathway. The ERG measures the ...

High-density Electroencephalographic Acquisition in a Rodent Model Using Low-cost and Open-source Resources

Advanced electroencephalographic analysis techniques requiring high spatial resolution, including electrical source imaging and measures of network connectivity, are applicable to an expanding variety of questions in neuroscience. Performing these kinds of analyses in a rodent model requires higher electrode density than traditional screw electrodes can accomplish. While higher-density electroencephalographic montages for rodents exist, they are of limited availability to most researchers, are not robust enough for repeated experiments over an extended period of time, or are limited to use in anesthetized rodents.1-3 A proposed low-cost method for constructing a durable, high-count, transcranial electrode array, consisting of bilaterally implantable headpieces is investigated as a means to perform advanced electroencephalogram analyses in mice or rats.

Procedures for headpiece fabrication and surgical implantation necessary to produce high signal to noise, low-impedance electroencephalographic and electromyographic signals are presented. While the methodology is useful in both rats and mice, this manuscript focuses on the more challenging implementation for the smaller mouse skull. Freely moving mice are only tethered to cables via a common adapter during recording. One version of this electrode system that includes 26 electroencephalographic channels and 4 electromyographic channels is described below.

Instructions for the low-cost construction and surgical implantation of a chronic transcranial high-density electroencephalographic montage into mice are provided. Signal recording, extraction, and processing techniques are also described.

高密度的脑电图采集在啮齿动物模型使用低成本的开源资源

Advanced electroencephalographic analysis techniques requiring high spatial resolution, including electrical source imaging and measures of network ...

Topographical EEG Recordings of Visual Evoked Potentials in Mice using Multichannel Thin-film Electrodes

Visual evoked potentials (VEP) allow the characterization of visual function in preclinical mouse models. Various methods exist to measure VEPs in mice, from non-invasive EEG, subcutaneous single-electrodes, and ECoG to fully invasive intracortical multichannel visual cortex recordings. It can be useful to acquire a global, topographical EEG-level characterization of visual responses previous to local intracortical microelectrode measurements in acute experimental settings. For example, one use case is&#160;to assess global cross-modal changes in VEP topography in deafness models before studying its effects on a local intracortical level. Multichannel epicranial EEG is a robust method to acquire such an overview measure of cortical visual activity.&#160;Multichannel epicranial EEG provides comparable results through a standardized, consistent approach to, for example, identify cross-modal, pathological, or age-related changes in cortical visual function. The current study presents a method to obtain the topographical distribution of flash-evoked VEPs with a 32-channel thin-film EEG electrode array in anesthetized mice. Combined with analysis in the time and frequency domain, this approach allows fast characterization and screening of the topography and basic visual properties of mouse cortical visual function, which can be combined with various acute experimental settings.

The present protocol describes a simple procedure to acquire and analyze the topography of epicranial visual evoked potentials with 32-multichannel thin-film electrodes in the mouse.

Visual evoked potentials (VEP) allow the characterization of visual function in preclinical mouse models. Various methods exist to measure VEPs in mice, ...

小鼠运动皮层中的细胞外电生理记录

Multichannel Extracellular Recording in Freely Moving Mice

The protocol aims to uncover the properties of neuronal firing and network local field potentials (LFPs) in behaving mice carrying out specific tasks by correlating the electrophysiological signals with spontaneous and/or specific behavior. This technique represents a valuable tool in studying the neuronal network activity underlying these behaviors. The article provides a detailed and complete procedure for electrode implantation and consequent extracellular recording in free-moving conscious mice. The study includes a detailed method for implanting the microelectrode arrays, capturing the LFP and neuronal spiking signals in the motor cortex (MC) using a multichannel system, and the subsequent offline data analysis. The advantage of multichannel recording in conscious animals is that a greater number of spiking neurons and neuronal subtypes can be obtained and compared, which allows the evaluation of the relationship between a specific behavior and the associated electrophysiological signals. Notably, the multichannel extracellular recording technique and the data analysis procedure described in the present study can be applied to other brain areas when conducting experiments in behaving mice.

作者聚焦:用于研究自由移动小鼠神经元活动的多通道细胞外记录的进展 

The protocol describes the methodology of extracellular recording in the motor cortex (MC) to reveal extracellular electrophysiological properties in freely moving conscious mice, as well as the data analysis of local field potentials (LFPs) and spikes, which is useful for evaluating the network neural activity underlying behaviors of interest.

自由移动小鼠的多通道细胞外记录

The protocol aims to uncover the properties of neuronal firing and network local field potentials (LFPs) in behaving mice carrying out specific tasks by ...

干无创多通道头皮脑电传感器在小鼠视觉诱发电位记录中的应用

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此视频中的章节

高密度的自由移动，使用基于聚酰亚胺的微电极的小鼠的脑电图记录

同步视频脑电图-心电图监测对小鼠癫痫模型 Neurocardiac 功能障碍的鉴别

植入和无线电图记录和视觉诱发电位清醒大鼠

在重复性扩散创伤性脑损伤小鼠模型中诱导创伤后癫痫

电图同时记录和麻醉大鼠视觉诱发电位

高密度的脑电图采集在啮齿动物模型使用低成本的开源资源

Topographical EEG Recordings of Visual Evoked Potentials in Mice using Multichannel Thin-film Electrodes

自由移动小鼠的多通道细胞外记录

自由移动小鼠的多通道细胞外记录

自由移动小鼠的多通道细胞外记录