11.7 : 基本竞争策略

Competitive strategies are essential for achieving a sustainable advantage in business and can be categorized into three primary types such as cost leadership, differentiation, and focus.

To achieve cost leadership, a company minimizes operational costs to become the lowest-cost producer and attract price-sensitive customers. For example, Walmart excels at cost leadership by optimizing its supply chain and purchasing in bulk.

Conversely, differentiation involves creating unique products or services with distinct values, setting them apart from competitors. This approach allows companies to charge premium prices.

For instance, Apple uses its innovative design, advanced technology, and strong brand image to justify higher prices and build customer loyalty.

Lastly, the focus strategy targets specific market segments and tailors products to meet unique customer needs.

For example, Rolls-Royce targets the luxury car market with custom features for high-end customers seeking exclusivity and prestige.

Companies can blend various strategies to gain a competitive edge, requiring a deep understanding of market demands, competitors, and internal strengths.