reinforcement-reconstruction-using-fascia-lata-autograft-for-rhomboid

Reinforcement Reconstruction using Fascia Lata Autograft for Rhomboid Paralysis-Induced Scapular Winging

Scapular winging caused by paralysis of the rhomboid muscle is a relatively uncommon condition in shoulder outpatient. Despite the paucity, it presents as ...

First affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University

The need for suitable bone grafts is high; however, there are limitations to all current graft sources, such as limited availability, the invasive harvest procedure, insufficient osteoinductive properties, poor biocompatibility, ethical problems, and degradation properties. The lack of osteoinductive properties is a common problem. As an allogenic bone graft, demineralized bone matrix (DBM) can overcome issues such as limited sources and comorbidities caused by invasive harvest; however, DBM is not sufficiently osteoinductive. Bone marrow has been known to magnify osteoinductive components for bone reconstruction because it contains osteogenic cells and factors. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow are the gold standard for cell seeding in tissue-engineered biomaterials for bone repair, and these cells have demonstrated beneficial effects. However, the associated high cost and the complicated procedures limit the use of tissue-engineered bone constructs. To easily enrich more osteogenic cells and factors to DBM by selective cell retention technology, DBM is modified by a nanoscale self-assembling peptide (SAP) to form a composite DBM/SAP scaffold. By decreasing the pore size and increasing the charge interaction, DBM/SAP scaffolds possess a much higher enriching yield for osteogenic cells and factors compared with DBM alone scaffolds. At the same time, SAP can build a cellular microenvironment for cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation that promotes bone reconstruction. As a result, a suitable bone graft fabricated by DBM/SAP scaffolds and bone marrow represents a new strategy and product for bone transplantation in the clinic.

A composite demineralized bone matrix--self assembling peptide scaffold for enhancing cell and growth factor activity in bone marrow.

To understand the cellular mechanism underlying bone defect healing in the context of tissue engineering, a reliable, reproducible, and standardized load-bearing large segmental bone defect model in small animals is indispensable. The aim of this study was to establish and evaluate a bilateral femoral defect model in mice.

Establishment of a bilateral femoral large segmental bone defect mouse model potentially applicable to basic research in bone tissue engineering.

Several studies have shown that the intralesional concentration of rifampicin in osteoarticular tuberculosis is typically at a subtherapeutic level. Sustained or controlled release by novel drug delivery systems has been investigated to maintain an effective rifampicin concentration, but the local administration of rifampicin remains controversial. Additionally, it is still unclear whether high-dose rifampicin could kill rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro killing effect of high-concentration rifampicin on rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis isolated from patients with osteoarticular tuberculosis.

Could high-concentration rifampicin kill rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis? Rifampicin MIC test in rifampicin-resistant isolates from patients with osteoarticular tuberculosis.

This study was aimed to investigate the clinical outcome of lumbosacral tuberculosis treatment by one-stage radical debridement with bone allograft reconstruction and anterior instrumentation via a retroperitoneal approach.

Surgical treatment of lumbosacral tuberculosis by one-stage debridement and anterior instrumentation with allograft through an extraperitoneal anterior approach.

Fifty-four juvenile cases under 18 years of age with thoracic and lumbar spinal tuberculosis underwent focus debridement, deformity correction, bone graft fusion, and internal fixation. The treatment effects, complications, and reasons were analyzed retrospectively.

Treatment effect, postoperative complications, and their reasons in juvenile thoracic and lumbar spinal tuberculosis surgery.

The pathological fracture is a most important complication during bone cyst and can be prevented by early focus clearance and bone grafting. Tissue-engineered bone (TEB) with outstanding osteogenesis is a better choice for bone repair. Here, we firstly reported that TEB was used to heal bone cyst.

Tissue-engineered bone treating simple bone cyst--a new strategy.

Osteomyelitis is a common manifestation of invasive Staphylococcus aureus infection characterized by widespread bone loss and destruction. Phagocytes possess various receptors to detect pathogens, including the Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Previous studies have demonstrated that the S. aureus protein SpA binds directly to pre-osteoblastic cells via tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (TNFR-1). In our present study, we investigated the relationship between TLR2 and TNFR-1 in S. aureus-infected osteoblasts. Our results showed that cell viability decreased, and apoptosis, expression of TLR2, and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) increased with increasing concentrations of S. aureus. The JNK pathway was also activated in response to S. aureus infection. Knockdown of TNFR1 not only inhibited the JNK pathway but also reduced TLR2 protein and RANKL levels in S. aureus-infected cells. Inhibition of the JNK pathway reduced the protein level of TLR2 and reduced TNF-α and IL-6 secretion in S. aureus-infected cells.

Knockdown of TNFR1 Suppresses Expression of TLR2 in the Cellular Response to Staphylococcus aureus Infection.

Cordycepin was previously reported to have anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity. However, the potential role of cordycepin in bone metabolism and cell biology of osteoclasts remains unclear. In our study, we focused on the in vitro effects of cordycepin on osteoclastogenesis and its in vivo effects in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. Osteoclast differentiation, formation and fusion were evaluated by Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) stain, focal adhesion stain and fusion assay, respectively. Osteoclastic bone resorption was evaluated by pit formation assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and removal were detected by the ROS assay. OVX mice were orally administered with 10 mg/kg of cordycepin daily for four weeks. In vitro results revealed that cordycepin inhibited receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation, formation, fusion and bone resorption activity. We further proved that cordycepin treatments scavenged the generation of ROS, upregulated interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF-8) and suppressed the activity of nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) during osteoclastogenesis. In vivo results indicated cordycepin prevents bone loss, rescues bone microarchitecture, and restores bone mineralization in OVX mice. Our observations strongly suggested that cordycepin is an efficient osteoclast inhibitor and hold potential therapeutic value in preventing bone loss among postmenopausal osteoporosis patients.

Cordycepin Prevents Bone Loss through Inhibiting Osteoclastogenesis by Scavenging ROS Generation.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease causing severe symptoms that are difficult to treat. Nano-drug delivery system is recognized as a promising strategy for management of RA. However, how to thoroughly release payloads from nanoformulations and synergistic therapy of RA needs to be further investigated. To address this issue, a pH and reactive oxygen species (ROS) dual-responsive, methylprednisolone (MPS)-loaded and arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD)-modified nanoparticles (NPs) was fabricated using phytochemical and ROS-responsive moiety co-modified α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) as a carrier. In vitro and in vivo experiments verified that the pH/ROS dual-responsive nanomedicine could be efficiently internalized by activated macrophages and synovial cells, and the released MPS could promote transformation of M1-type macrophages into M2 phenotype, thereby down-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the pH/ROS dual-responsive nanomedicine was remarkably accumulated in the inflamed joints of mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). The accumulated nanomedicine could obviously relieve joint swelling and cartilage destruction without obvious adverse effects. Importantly, the expression of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in the joints of CIA mice were significantly inhibited by the pH/ROS dual-responsive nanomedicine in comparison with free drug and non-targeted counterparts. In addition, the expression of the NF-κB signaling pathway molecule P65 was also significantly decreased by nanomedicine-treatment. Our results reveal that MPS-loaded pH/ROS dual-responsive NPs can effectively alleviate joint destruction via down-regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Nanomedicine is recognized as an attractive method for the targeting treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To thorough release of payloads from nanoformulations and synergistic therapy of RA, herein, a phytochemical and ROS-responsive moiety co-modified α-cyclodextrin was used as a pH/ROS dual-responsive carrier to encapsulate methylprednisolone to manage RA. The fabricated nanomedicine can effectively release its payloads under pH and/or ROS microenvironment, and the released drugs dramatically promote transformation of M1-type macrophages into M2 phenotype to reduce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The prepared nanomedicine also obviously decreased the NF-κB signaling pathway molecule P65 expression in the joints, thereby down-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines expression to alleviate joint swelling and cartilage destruction. We provided a candidate for the targeting treatment of RA.

Glucocorticoid-loaded pH/ROS dual-responsive nanoparticles alleviate joint destruction by downregulating the NF-κB signaling pathway.

This study aimed to investigate the techniques and indications of upper sacroiliac screw fixation for the dysmorphic sacrum.

Tianyong Hou

Orthopaedic department

First affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University

Reinforcement Reconstruction using Fascia Lata Autograft for Rhomboid Paralysis-Induced Scapular Winging

Tianyong Hou

.css-o250i3{font-size:18px;font-family:Open Sans,sans-serif;line-height:21.6px;}Orthopaedic department

First affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University

Reinforcement Reconstruction using Fascia Lata Autograft for Rhomboid Paralysis-Induced Scapular Winging

Orthopaedic department