Name: syntheses, crystallization, and spectroscopic characterization of 3,5-lutidine n-oxide dehydrate
Uploaded: 2018-04-24T14:00:00.000+00:00
Duration: 6 min 18 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Syntheses, Crystallization, and Spectroscopic Characterization of 3,5-Lutidine N-Oxide Dehydrate at JoVE.com

현재 작업 Vicerrectoría 드 Investigación y BUAP, 과학의 Divulgation, 그리고 프로젝트 번호에서 Estudios de Posgrado에 의해 지원 되었습니다. REOY-NAT14, 15, 16-G. HEAS-NAT17. RMG는 장학금 417887 CONACyT을 (멕시코) 감사합니다.

1입니다. 반응
<ol><li>증기 두건에서 0.5 mol (29.8 mL) 빙 초 산으로 열린된 라운드 100 mL 플라스 크 놓고 3, 5-dimethylpyridine 및 H2O2 (35%)의 5 mL의 0.051 mol (5.82 mL)를 추가 합니다. 아래 지속적인 자석 교 반, 혼합 반응 5 h 80 ° C의 내부 온도 유지.</li>
	<li>반응 시간 후 얼음 (얼음에 초 산 가스 노출 하지 않습니다)와 24 ° C에 플라스 크를 냉각 하 고 초과 초 산을 제거 하 90-120 분에 대 한 높은 진공 증 류 장치에 연결 합니다. 주의: 뜨거운 물질을 사용 하지 마십시오. 유리 관리 온도 도달할 때까지 기다립니다. 이것 또한 증기 증 류 법 단위의 상단을 입력 하지 것입니다.</li>
	<li>가능한 많은 혼합물을 집중 하 고 초 산의 어떤 자취 든 지의 제거를 보장 하기 위해 두 번 증류수 (10 mL)을 추가 합니다.</li>
</ol>2. basicity 조정 및 추출
<ol><li>격리 된 점성 및 투명 한 제품 bi distillated 물에 녹이 고는 포 텐 쇼 미터를 사용 하 여 순수한 고체 나2CO310 pH를 조정.</li>
	<li>250 mL 분리 깔때기에 솔루션을 신중 하 게 배치 하 고 5 번 CHCl3 수익률 향상의 250 mL와 함께 그것을 추출. 유기 층을 복구 하 고 그래서 고체 나2이상의 건조4 30 분 최대, 제품에 포함 됩니다. 필요한 경우, 다시 원하는 양의 CHCl3수성 단계를 추출 합니다. 주의: CHCl3 졸음 및 현기증;를 발생할 수 있습니다. 배려와 연기 후드 내부 처리 합니다.</li>
	<li>매우 검 습기 분명 베이지색 결정 분말 (70%)의 형성까지 높은 진공 증 류 법 단위와 감소 된 압력에서 용 매를 제거 합니다.</li>
</ol>3. 결정 화 과정
<ol><li>4.3 g 차가운 높은 수행된 액체 크로마토그래피 (HPLC) 학년 diethyl 에테르 50 mL에 결정 분말의 분해. 진공 필터 고체 시작 물자 또는 심지어 먼지의 모든 흔적을 제거 하는 솔루션입니다. 유리 페 트리 접시에는 여과 액을 부 어, 실험실 냉장고에 4 ° C에 증발 속도를 떠나는.</li>
	<li>2 일 후 확인, 명확한 무색 크리스탈 얻을 수 있습니다. 310-311 공화국의 범위에 있어야 녹는점 측정</li>
</ol>4. 3, 5-Lutidine N산화물 Dehydrate 분석
<ol><li>결정으로 형성 된, 프리즘 모양 및 무색, 이동 추가 x 선 분석을 위해 플라스 크의 벽에서 제거 합니다. 즉시 사용 하는 경우 diethyl 에테르 크리스탈 수 분을 피하기 위해 결정 하십시오.</li>
	<li>0.010 g 3, 5-lutidine N산화물의 탈수 CDCl3 NMR H1 과 C13 분석 절차의 효과 증명 하기 위해 수행의 0.4 mL에 용 해.</li>
</ol>

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모든 저자는 충돌의 관심을 선언합니다.

여기에 제시 된 프로토콜 기판의 기능화 방법으로 3, 5-lutidine의 질소 원자에 산소 원자를 연결 하는 전통적인 방법입니다. 이 기술은 또한 x 선 적당 한 탈수 결정 (그림 5, 소니 DSC-HX300 사이버-샷 카메라와 함께 찍은 사진)를 잘 설립 이다. 마찬가지로 지금까지 우리는 우려, 많은 보고서 같은 결정16의 생산을 설명 했습니다. 그들은 다양 한 금속17...

요즘, 전세계 과학자가 투자 하 고 리소스 추가 반응1,2낮은 반응성 앞에 대 한 알려져 있다, 향기로운 그룹의 기능화에 대 한 새로운 합성 경로 개발 3. Pyridine, 어디 질소 원자는 탄소 원자 대체, 선물 반지 탄소 원자3, 전적으로 이루어진 아날로그에 유사한 화학 반응 하 고 그것은 일반적으로 추가 보다는 대체 메커니즘을 겪 습. N-산화물은 질소와 산소 원자3빈 궤도와 질소에 nonbonding 전자 쌍의 겹침에 의해 형성 된 산소 사이 기증자 본드의 존재에 의해 구별. 특히, pyridine N-산화물 루이스 기초는 그들의 N O moiety는 전자 기증자 역할을 할 수 있기 때문에 그들은 루이스 산 해당 루이스 산-염기 쌍 형성으로 결합할 수 있습니다. 이 속성은 필수 화학 결과 잠재적인 electrophiles 향해 루이스 산의 nucleophilicity를 증가 시킬 수 있기 때문에 따라서 어디 정상적으로 반응 하지 발생 조건 하에서 반응 하도록 허용. 아마 이러한 화합물의 가장 빈번한 사용 다양 한 산화 반응 산화 제4역할을 어디에서 이다. Pyridine N-산화물 및 그들의 반지 기능성된 유도체의 많은 재발 분자 생물학적 활동과 약리 에이전트5, 그리고 다른 분 도구에서 명확한 공간 배급 설립 되었습니다 그들 중 일부에 대 한6,7. Pyridine 반지에 다른 그룹을 연결에 대 한 연구, 과학자는 다양 한 방법론 isoxazolines 형태로 6-자일 렌을 끓는 DBU 등 자료의 촉매 양이 필요로 하기 때문에 간단 하 고 기존 메서드를 생산 테스트 대체-2-aminopyridine N-산화물8,9. 피리 딘 유도체의 다양 한 그들의 해당 N으로 변환 되었습니다-촉매 양의 망간의 산화물 tetrakis(2,6-diclorophenyl) 채널2Cl2/CH3 포 르 피 린 및 암모늄 아세테이트 CN8,10. 다른 pyridines는 채널2Cl2에서에서 H2O2 촉매 금액 또는 초과 dimethyldioxirane의 추가 의해 methyltrioxorhenium8,11의 존재를 사용 하 여 그들의 산화물을 산화 0 ° C에서 해당 N에 이르게-산화물8,12,,1314. 두번째 채널2Cl2 trioxorhenium 존재 (trimethylsilyl) 과산화 pyridine N의 합성에 사용 되었습니다-산화물8,11. Aminopyridine N의 합성-산화물 오목의 산 (peroxomonosulfuric acid)을 사용 하 여 관련 된 acylation 되었습니다 보고8. 그럼에도 불구 하 고, 보고 여기, 방법론과 오치아이1을 보고 방법론의 일부를 사용 하 여 저렴 하 고 액세스할 수 시 약, H2O2 와 빙 초 산의 사용으로 매우 좋은 결과를 제공 합니다. 이 연습 제 3 아민에 대규모 준비에 사용 하기 위해 더 적당 한 그것은 생산에 30% 과산화 수소를 필요로 하는 반응 좋은 수율과 70-80 ° C 사이의 온도에서 빙 초 산 이며, 그것은 정화 과정을 사용 하 여 그는 증 류 법, 촉매 또는 더 비싼 시 약1의 사용 없이 같은 대부분 합성 실험실에서 제공 됩니다. 문학도 자주 10-24 h와 100 ° C 4,8, 이상의 온도에서 시간 프레임을 포함 하는 다른 방법론 및 x 선 분석에 대 한 올바른된 결정의 수익률은 거의 보고 보고 합니다.
신속, 다양 한 N-산화물에서 파생 된 및 또는 electrophilic 방법에 lutidine 반지를 적절 하 게 활성화 하는 데 사용 됩니다. 및 또는 electrophilic 요소는 치환 기에 의해 영향을 받습니다. 전자 철회 그룹 되 pyridine 반지와 주요 요소 및 특성1입니다. 무료 N-산화물 화합물 거의 향기로운 반지에 delocalized 충전 때문에 x 선 분석에 대 한 적절 한 결정으로 격리 됩니다. 그러나, solvation 요소는 안정 산소15의 부정적인 밀도에 중대 하다.

<table><tbody><tr><td>3,5-lutidine</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>L4206-500ML</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Glacial acetic acid</td><td>Fermont</td><td>3015</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hidrogen peroxide (35%)</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>349887-500ML</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Na&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;CO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; anhydrous</td><td>Productos Qu&amp;iacute;micos Monterrey</td><td>1792</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Na&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; anhydrous</td><td>Alfa reactivos</td><td>25051-C</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>CHCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;</td><td>Fermont</td><td>6205</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ethyl eter</td><td>Mercury Chemist</td><td>QME0309</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Distilled water</td><td>Comercializadora Qu&amp;iacute;mica Poblana</td><td>not-existent</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

syntheses, crystallization, and spectroscopic characterization of 3,5-lutidine n-oxide dehydrate

3, 5-lutidine N산화물의 합성 탈수, 1, 2-아미노-피리 딘-3, 5-dicarboxylic 산의 합성 경로에서 달성 했다. 오치아이 처음 사용 방법론 대체 비 pyridines 12 h 과정에서 1957 년에 하지만 아무 x 선 적당 한 결정을 가져온. 여기에 제시 된 방법론에 사용 되는 대체 반지는 명확 하 게 1에서다른 및 힘을 수 여 비대칭 단위에 물 분자의 추가 영향을. X 선 적당 한 크리스탈 화합물 1 하였습니다. 2 개의 물 분자의 존재에 의해 산소에 부정적인 요금의 안정화 수소 원자에 반지; 양 전을 기부 이러한 물 분자 supramolecular 상호 작용을 생성을 잘 제공 합니다. 소 분자 10에 pH를 조정 하 여 도달 되는 알칼리 성 시스템에 대 한 수 있습니다. 이중 메 틸 링과 5 h의 반응 시간을 대체 하는 중요 한 것은, 그것에 게 더 다양 한 방법 및 미래의 링 삽입에 대 한 광범위 한 화학 응용.

프로토콜은 기본적으로 오치아이 기법1의 확장. 그러나, 낮은 온도 시간이 적용 됩니다. 이 간단한 방법을 대체 pyridine N은 다양 한 리간드를 사용할 수 있습니다-산화물 유래. 확인 하 고 1의 형성, NMR 1H와 13C 분석 절차의 효과 테스트 하려면 선호 됩니다.
화학 변화는 ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Syntheses, Crystallization, and Spectroscopic Characterization of 3,5-Lutidine N-Oxide Dehydrate at JoVE.com

Syntheses, Crystallization, and Spectroscopic Characterization of 3,5-Lutidine N-Oxide Dehydrate

여기, 우리 보고 합성 및 3, 5-lutidine N산화물의 결정 화 pyridine N의 고전적인 합성에서 다른 간단한 프로토콜에서 탈수-산화물. 이 프로토콜 다른 시작 자료를 활용 하 고 새로운 solvated supramolecular 구조, 느린 증발 아래 결정 한다는 항복 반응 시간을 포함 한다.

종합, 결정 화, 그리고 3, 5-Lutidine N의 분 광 특성-산화물 탈수

The synthesis of 3,5-lutidine N-oxide dehydrate, 1, was achieved in the synthesis route of 2-amino-pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid. Ochiai first used the ...

syntheses-crystallization-spectroscopic-characterization-35-lutidine

Universidad San Sebastian

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

Syntheses, Crystallization, and Spectroscopic Characterization of 3,5-Lutidine N-Oxide Dehydrate

8.3K 조회수.  Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla. 여기, 우리 보고 합성 및 3, 5-lutidine N산화물의 결정 화 pyridine N의 고전적인 합성에서 다른 간단한 프로토콜에서 탈수-산화물. 이 프로토콜 다른 시작 자료를 활용 하 고 새로운 solvated supramolecular 구조, 느린 증발 아래 결정 한다는 항복 반응 시간을 포함 한다.

비디오: Syntheses, Crystallization, and Spectroscopic Characterization of 3,5-Lutidine N-Oxide Dehydrate

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Metal-organic frameworks have attracted extraordinary amounts of research attention, as they are attractive candidates for numerous industrial and technological applications. Their signature property is their ultrahigh porosity, which however imparts a series of challenges when it comes to both constructing them and working with them. Securing desired MOF chemical and physical functionality by linker/node assembly into a highly porous framework of choice can pose difficulties, as less porous and more thermodynamically stable congeners (e.g., other crystalline polymorphs, catenated analogues) are often preferentially obtained by conventional synthesis methods. Once the desired product is obtained, its characterization often requires specialized techniques that address complications potentially arising from, for example, guest-molecule loss or preferential orientation of microcrystallites. Finally, accessing the large voids inside the MOFs for use in applications that involve gases can be problematic, as frameworks may be subject to collapse during removal of solvent molecules (remnants of solvothermal synthesis). In this paper, we describe synthesis and characterization methods routinely utilized in our lab either to solve or circumvent these issues. The methods include solvent-assisted linker exchange, powder X-ray diffraction in capillaries, and materials activation (cavity evacuation) by supercritical CO2 drying. Finally, we provide a protocol for determining a suitable pressure region for applying the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis to nitrogen isotherms, so as to estimate surface area of MOFs with good accuracy.

Synthesis, activation, and characterization of intentionally designed metal-organic framework materials is challenging, especially when building blocks are incompatible or unwanted polymorphs are thermodynamically favored over desired forms. We describe how applications of solvent-assisted linker exchange, powder X-ray diffraction in capillaries and activation via supercritical CO2 drying, can address some of these challenges.

기능화의 합성 및 특성 금속 - 유기 프레임 워크

Metal-organic frameworks have attracted extraordinary amounts of research attention, as they are attractive candidates for numerous industrial and ...

연구

화학

Synthesis of Indoxyl-glycosides for Detection of Glycosidase Activities

Indoxyl glycosides proved to be valuable and versatile tools for monitoring glycosidase activities. Indoxyls are released by enzymatic hydrolysis and are rapidly oxidized, for example by atmospheric oxygen, to indigo type dyes. This reaction enables fast and easy screening in vivo without isolation or purification of enzymes, as well as rapid tests on agar plates or in solution (e.g., blue-white screening, micro-wells) and is used in biochemistry, histochemistry, bacteriology and molecular biology. Unfortunately the synthesis of such substrates proved to be difficult, due to various side reactions and the low reactivity of the indoxyl hydroxyl function. Especially for glucose type structures low yields were observed. Our novel approach employs indoxylic acid ester as key intermediates. Indoxylic acid esters with varied substitution patterns were prepared on scalable pathways. Phase transfer glycosylations with those acceptors and peracetylated glycosyl halides can be performed under common conditions in high yields. Ester cleavage and subsequent mild silver mediated glycosylation yields the peracetylated indoxyl glycosides in high yields. Finally deprotection is performed according to Zempl&#233;n.

Indoxyl glycosides are well-established and widely used tools for enzyme screening and enzyme activity monitoring. Especially for glucose type structures previous syntheses proved to be challenging and low yielding. Our novel approach employs indoxylic acid esters as precious intermediates to yield a considerable number of indoxyl glycosides in good yields.

Indoxyl glycosides proved to be valuable and versatile tools for monitoring glycosidase activities. Indoxyls are released by enzymatic hydrolysis and are ...

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Herein we report the synthesis of a tridentate phosphine ligand N(CH2PPh2)3 (N-triphosPh) (1) via a phosphorus based Mannich reaction of the hydroxylmethylene phosphine precursor with ammonia in methanol under a nitrogen atmosphere. The N-triphosPh ligand precipitates from the solution after approximately 1 hr of reflux and can be isolated analytically pure via simple cannula filtration procedure under nitrogen. Reaction of the N-triphosPh ligand with [Ru3(CO)12] under reflux affords a deep red solution that show evolution of CO gas on ligand complexation. Orange crystals of the complex [Ru(CO)2{N(CH2PPh2)3}-&#954;3P] (2) were isolated on cooling to RT. The 31P{1H} NMR spectrum showed a characteristic single peak at lower frequency compared to the free ligand. Reaction of a toluene solution of complex 2 with oxygen resulted in the instantaneous precipitation of the carbonate complex [Ru(CO3)(CO){N(CH2PPh2)3}-&#954;3P] (3) as an air stable orange solid. Subsequent hydrogenation of 3 under 15 bar of hydrogen in a high-pressure reactor gave the dihydride complex [RuH2(CO){N(CH2PPh2)3}-&#954;3P] (4), which was fully characterized by X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. Complexes 3 and 4 are potentially useful catalyst precursors for a range of hydrogenation reactions, including biomass-derived products such as levulinic acid (LA). Complex 4 was found to cleanly react with LA in the presence of the proton source additive NH4PF6 to give [Ru(CO){N(CH2PPh2)3}-&#954;3P{CH3CO(CH2)2CO2H}-&#954;2O](PF6) (6).

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Ruthenium phosphine complexes are widely used for homogeneous catalytic reactions such as hydrogenations. The synthesis of a series of novel tridentate ruthenium complexes bearing the N-triphos ligand N(CH2PPh2)3 is reported. Additionally, the stoichiometric reaction of a dihydride Ru&#8211;N-triphos complex with levulinic acid is described.

루테늄의 시리즈의 합성, 특성 및 반응성<em&gt; N</em&gt; -triphos<sup&gt; 박사</sup&gt; 단지

Herein we report the synthesis of a tridentate phosphine ligand N(CH2PPh2)3 (N-triphosPh) (1) via a phosphorus based Mannich reaction of the ...

A Protocol for Safe Lithiation Reactions Using Organolithium Reagents

Organolithium reagents are powerful tools in the synthetic chemist&#39;s toolbox. However, the extreme pyrophoric nature of the most reactive reagents warrants proper technique, thorough training, and proper personal protective equipment. To aid in the training of researchers using organolithium reagents, a thorough, step-by-step protocol for the safe and effective use of tert-butyllithium on an inert gas line or within a glovebox is described. As a model reaction, preparation of lithium tert-butyl amide by the reaction of tert-butyl amine with one equivalent of tert-butyl lithium is presented.

The safe and proper use of organolithium reagents is described.

유기 리튬 시약을 사용하여 안전 리튬 화의 반응을위한 프로토콜

Organolithium reagents are powerful tools in the synthetic chemist&#39;s toolbox. However, the extreme pyrophoric nature of the most reactive reagents ...

One-pot Microwave-assisted Conversion of Anomeric Nitrate-esters to Trichloroacetimidates

The goal of the following procedure is to provide a demonstration of the one-pot conversion of a 2-azido-1-nitrate-ester to a trichloroacetimidate glycosyl donor. Following azido-nitration of a glycal, the product 2-azido-1-nitrate ester can be hydrolyzed under microwave-assisted irradiation. This transformation is usually achieved using strongly nucleophilic reagents and extended reaction times. Microwave irradiation induces hydrolysis, in the absence of reagents, with short reaction times. Following denitration, the intermediate anomeric alcohol is converted, in the same pot, to the corresponding 2-azido-1-trichloroacetimidate.

A 2-azido-1-nitrate-ester can be converted to the corresponding 2-azido-1-trichloroacetimidate in a one-pot procedure. The goal of the manuscript is to demonstrate utility of the microwave reactor in carbohydrate synthesis.

한 냄비 전자 렌지를 이용한 변환 Anomeric 질 산 에스테 르의 Trichloroacetimidates

The goal of the following procedure is to provide a demonstration of the one-pot conversion of a 2-azido-1-nitrate-ester to a trichloroacetimidate ...

Enzymatic Cascade Reactions for the Synthesis of Chiral Amino Alcohols from L-lysine

Amino alcohols are versatile compounds with a wide range of applications. For instance, they have been used as chiral scaffolds in organic synthesis. Their synthesis by conventional organic chemistry often requires tedious multi-step synthesis processes, with difficult control of the stereochemical outcome. We present a protocol to enzymatically synthetize amino alcohols starting from the readily available L-lysine in 48 h. This protocol combines two chemical reactions that are very difficult to conduct by conventional organic synthesis. In the first step, the regio- and diastereoselective oxidation of an unactivated C-H bond of the lysine side-chain is catalyzed by a dioxygenase; a second regio- and diastereoselective oxidation catalyzed by a regiodivergent dioxygenase can lead to the formation of the 1,2-diols. In the last step, the carboxylic group of the alpha amino acid is cleaved by a pyridoxal-phosphate (PLP) decarboxylase (DC). This decarboxylative step only affects the alpha carbon of the amino acid, retaining the hydroxy-substituted stereogenic center in a beta/gamma position. The resulting amino alcohols are therefore optically enriched. The protocol was successfully applied to the semipreparative-scale synthesis of four amino alcohols. Monitoring of the reactions was conducted by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after derivatization by 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. Straightforward purification by solid-phase extraction (SPE) afforded the amino alcohols with excellent yields (93% to &#62;95%).

Chiral amino alcohols are versatile molecules for use as scaffolds in organic synthesis. Starting from L-lysine, we synthesize amino alcohols by an enzymatic cascade reaction combining diastereoselective C-H oxidation catalyzed by dioxygenase followed by cleavage of the carboxylic acid moiety of the corresponding hydroxyl amino acid by a decarboxylase.

패-리 신에서 랄 아미노 알콜의 합성을 위한 효소 캐스케이드 반응

Amino alcohols are versatile compounds with a wide range of applications. For instance, they have been used as chiral scaffolds in organic synthesis. ...

Regioselective O-Glycosylation of Nucleosides via the Temporary 2',3'-Diol Protection by a Boronic Ester for the Synthesis of Disaccharide Nucleosides

Disaccharide nucleosides, which consist of disaccharide and nucleobase moieties, have been known as a valuable group of natural products having multifarious bioactivities. Although chemical O-glycosylation is a commonly beneficial strategy to synthesize disaccharide nucleosides, the preparation of substrates such as glycosyl donors and acceptors requires&#160;tedious protecting&#160;group manipulations and a purification at each synthetic step. Meanwhile, several research groups have reported that boronic and borinic esters serve as a protecting or activating group of carbohydrate derivatives to achieve the regio- and/or stereoselective acylation, alkylation, silylation, and glycosylation. In this article, we demonstrate the procedure for the regioselective O-glycosylation of unprotected ribonucleosides utilizing boronic acid. The esterification of 2&#39;,3&#39;-diol of ribonucleosides with boronic acid makes the temporary protection of diol, and, following O-glycosylation with a glycosyl donor in the presence of p-toluenesulfenyl chloride and silver triflate, permits the regioselective reaction of the 5&#39;-hydroxyl group to afford the disaccharide nucleosides. This method could be applied to various nucleosides, such as guanosine, adenosine, cytidine, uridine, 5-metyluridine, and 5-fluorouridine. This article and the accompanying video represent&#160;useful (visual) information for the O-glycosylation of unprotected nucleosides and their analogs for the synthesis of not only disaccharide nucleosides, but also a variety of biologically relevant derivatives.

Regioselective O-Glycosylation of Nucleosides via the Temporary 2',3'-Diol Protection by a Boronic Ester for the Synthesis of Disaccharide Nucleosides

Here, we present protocols for the synthesis of disaccharide nucleosides by the regioselective O-glycosylation of ribonucleosides via a temporary protection of their 2&#39;,3&#39;-diol moieties utilizing a cyclic boronic ester. This method applies to several unprotected nucleosides such as adenosine, guanosine, cytidine, uridine, 5-methyluridine, and 5-fluorouridine to give corresponding disaccharide nucleosides.

Regioselective O-Glycosylation Nucleosides 통해 는 임시 2', 3'-Diol 보호 Boronic 에스테 르에 의해이 당 Nucleosides의 합성에 대 한의

Disaccharide nucleosides, which consist of disaccharide and nucleobase moieties, have been known as a valuable group of natural products having ...

Efficient Construction of Drug-like Bispirocyclic Scaffolds Via Organocatalytic Cycloadditions of &#945;-Imino &#947;-Lactones and Alkylidene Pyrazolones

Bispirocyclic scaffolds are one of the important structural subunits in many natural products that exhibit diverse and attractive biological activities. Recently, we have developed an efficient organocatalytic strategy, which provides facile access to a variety of enantiomerically enriched bispiro[&#947;-butyrolactone-pyrrolidin-4,4&#39;-pyrazolone] skeletons. In this paper, we demonstrate a detailed protocol for the asymmetric synthesis of drug-like bispirocyclic compounds with two spirocyclic carbon centers via an organocatyltic 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. Spirocyclization synthons &#945;-imino &#947;-lactones and alkylidene pyrazolones are prepared first, which are then subjected to a cycloaddition reaction in the presence of a bifunctional squaramide organocatalyst to afford the desired bispirocycles in high yields and excellent stereoselectivities. Chiral high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is carried out to determine the enantiomeric purity of the products, and the d.r. value is examined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). The absolute configuration of the product is assigned according to an X-ray crystallographic analysis. This synthetic strategy allows scientists to prepare a diversity of bispirocyclic scaffolds in high yields and excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities.

Enantiomerically enriched bispiro[&#947;-butyrolactone-pyrrolidin-4,4&#39;-pyrazolone] skeletons are asymmetrically synthesized through a simple organocatalytic 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction.

Α-Imino γ-Lactones의 Organocatalytic Cycloadditions 및 Alkylidene Pyrazolones 통해 마약 같은 Bispirocyclic 장비의 효율적인 건설

Bispirocyclic scaffolds are one of the important structural subunits in many natural products that exhibit diverse and attractive biological activities. ...

A Direct, Regioselective and Atom-Economical Synthesis of 3-Aroyl-N-hydroxy-5-nitroindoles by Cycloaddition of 4-Nitronitrosobenzene with Alkynones

We introduced a regioselective and atom-economical procedure for the synthesis of 3-substituted indoles by annulation of nitrosoarenes with ethynyl ketones. The reactions were carried out achieving indoles without any catalyst and with excellent regioselectivity. No traces of 2-aroylindole products were detected. Working with 4-nitronitrosobenzene as starting material, the 3-aroyl-N-hydroxy-5-nitroindole products precipitated from the reaction mixtures and were isolated by filtration without any further purification technique. Differently from the corresponding N-hydroxy-3-aryl indoles that, spontaneously in solution, give dehydrodimerization products, the N-hydroxy-3-aroyl indoles are stable and no dimerization compounds were observed.

A Direct, Regioselective and Atom-Economical Synthesis of 3-Aroyl-N-hydroxy-5-nitroindoles by Cycloaddition of 4-Nitronitrosobenzene with Alkynones

3-Aroyl-N-hydroxy-5-nitroindoles were synthesized by cycloaddition of 4-nitronitrosobenzene with a conjugated terminal alkynone in a one-step thermal procedure. Preparation of the nitrosoarene and of the alkynones were adequately reported and respectively through oxidation procedures on the corresponding aniline and on the alkynol.

알키논을 곁들인 4-니트로니트로소벤젠의 사이클로추가에 의한 3-Aroyl-N-hydroxy-5-니트로인돌의 직접, Regioselective 및 원자-경제적 합성

We introduced a regioselective and atom-economical procedure for the synthesis of 3-substituted indoles by annulation of nitrosoarenes with ethynyl ...

Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly

This protocol presents the use of Lewis acidic multi-role reagents to circumvent kinetic trapping observed during the self-assembly of information-encoded oligomeric strands mediated by paired dynamic covalent interactions in a manner mimicking the thermal cycling commonly employed for the self-assembly of complementary nucleic acid sequences. Primary amine monomers bearing aldehyde and amine pendant moieties are functionalized with orthogonal protecting groups for use as dynamic covalent reactant pairs. Using a modified automated peptide synthesizer, the primary amine monomers are encoded into oligo(peptoid) strands through solid-phase submonomer synthesis. Upon purification by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and characterization by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), sequence-specific oligomers are subjected to high-loading of a Lewis acidic rare-earth metal triflate which both deprotects the aldehyde moieties and affects the reactant pair equilibrium such that strands completely dissociate. Subsequently, a fraction of the Lewis acid is extracted, enabling annealing of complementary sequence-specific strands to form information-encoded molecular ladders characterized by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). The simple procedure outlined in this report circumvents kinetic traps commonly experienced in the field of dynamic covalent assembly and serves as a platform for the future design of robust, complex architectures.

A protocol is presented for the synthesis of information-encoded peptoid oligomers and for the sequence-directed self-assembly of these peptoids into molecular ladders using amines and aldehydes as dynamic covalent reactant pairs and Lewis acidic rare-earth metal triflates as multi-role reagents.

정보 베어링 펩토이드의 합성과 시퀀스 지향 동적 공유자 자체 조립

This protocol presents the use of Lewis acidic multi-role reagents to circumvent kinetic trapping observed during the self-assembly of information-encoded ...