<table><tbody><tr><td>1.5 mL tubes</td><td>Henso</td><td>N14059</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>24-well plate&amp;nbsp;</td><td>JetBiofil</td><td>CAP011024</td><td>Polystyrene, flat bottom, Sterile</td></tr><tr><td>6-well plate&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Henso Medical Co. Ltd.</td><td>N14221</td><td>Flat-shape bottom, PS material, Sterile</td></tr><tr><td>70 mm polypropylene cell strainer</td><td>Biologix Group Limited</td><td>15-1070</td><td>Sterile</td></tr><tr><td>Alcian blue 8 GX dye&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Santa Cruz</td><td>sc-214517B</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Automatic CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; incubator</td><td>Nuarire</td><td>UN-5100E/G DH</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Bovine Serum Albumin</td><td>Wiener lab</td><td>1443151</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>CD11c Monoclonal antibody-PECy5&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 100 &amp;micro;g</td><td>eBioscience</td><td>15-0114-82</td><td>clone (N418)</td></tr><tr><td>CD40 Monoclonal antibody-FITC 100 &amp;micro;g</td><td>eBioscience</td><td>11-0402-82</td><td>clone (HM40-3)</td></tr><tr><td>CD80 Monoclonal antibody-APC 100 &amp;micro;g</td><td>eBioscience</td><td>17-0801-82</td><td>clone (16-10A-1)</td></tr><tr><td>CD86 Monoclonal antibody-FITC&amp;nbsp; 100 &amp;micro;g</td><td>eBioscience</td><td>11-0862-82</td><td>clone (GL-1)</td></tr><tr><td>Centrifuge</td><td>Thermo Scientific</td><td>IEC CL31R Multispeed</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Confocal Microscope</td><td>Nikon</td><td>Nikon Confocal Microscope C1</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Conical tubes 15 mL dia.17 x 120 mm</td><td>Citotest</td><td>4610-1865</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>DAPI</td><td>Sigma</td><td>107K4034</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>D-Glucose</td><td>Merk</td><td>1.78343</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Dimethyl Sulfoxide&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Anedra</td><td>6646</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fetal Bovine Serum 500 mL</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</td><td>12352207</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Flow Cytometry System</td><td>BD Biosciences</td><td>BD FACSCanto&amp;trade; II</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Folded Capillary Zeta Cell&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Malvern Panalytical</td><td>DTS1070</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Gentamicin sulfate salt</td><td>Sigma</td><td>G1264</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Glutaraldehyde solution</td><td>Fluka</td><td>49630</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hepes</td><td>Gibco</td><td>11344041</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hypodermic&amp;nbsp; needle 21 G x 1&quot;25/8</td><td>Weigao</td><td></td><td>Sterile</td></tr><tr><td>Hypodermic&amp;nbsp; needle 25 G x 5/8&quot;</td><td>Weigao</td><td></td><td>Sterile</td></tr><tr><td>Inverted microscope&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Leica</td><td>DMIL LED Fluo&amp;nbsp;</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ketamine</td><td>Holliday</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lipopolysaccharide&amp;nbsp; 5 mg</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>tlrl-rslps</td><td>LPS from the Gram-negative bacteria E. coli K12 . TLR2/4 Agonists</td></tr><tr><td>Loperamide hydrochloride</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>5.08162</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Medium 199&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Gibco</td><td>11150059</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Methylene Blue</td><td>Anedra</td><td>6337</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MHC class I (H2kb) Monoclonal antibody-PE 100 &amp;micro;g</td><td>eBioscience</td><td>12-5958-82</td><td>clone (AF6-88.5.5.3)</td></tr><tr><td>MHC class II (IA/IE) Monoclonal antibody-FITC&amp;nbsp; 100 &amp;micro;g</td><td>eBioscience</td><td>11-5321-82</td><td>clone (M5/114.15.2)</td></tr><tr><td>Microscope</td><td>Olympus</td><td>CX31</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Mouse recombinant murine Flt3L.</td><td>PrepoTech</td><td>250-31L-10UG</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Nanodrop</td><td>Thermo Scientific</td><td>ND-One</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Paraformaldehyde</td><td>Agar Scientific</td><td>R1018</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Penicillin G sodium salt</td><td>Sigma</td><td>P3032-10MU</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>PKH26</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>MINI26</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Potassium Phosphate Monobasic</td><td>Timper</td><td></td><td>For Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS)</td></tr><tr><td>RBC lysis buffer 100 mL</td><td>Roche</td><td>11814389001</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RPMI medium&amp;nbsp; 1640 1x 500 mL</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich (Gibco)</td><td>11875093</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sodium Cacodylate&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>C0250</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sodium Chloride</td><td>Anedra</td><td>7647-14-5</td><td>For Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS)</td></tr><tr><td>Sodium Phosphate Dibasic (Anhydrous) p. a.</td><td>Biopack</td><td>1639.07</td><td>For Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS)</td></tr><tr><td>Streptomycin sulfate salt</td><td>Sigma</td><td>S9137</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Syringe 10 mL</td><td>Bremen</td><td></td><td>Sterile</td></tr><tr><td>Thickwall polycarbonate tubes</td><td>Beckman Coulter</td><td></td><td>13 x 55 mm , nominal capacity 4 mL</td></tr><tr><td>Transmission Electron Microscope</td><td>Jeol</td><td>JEOL JSM 100CX II</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ultracentrifuge</td><td>Beckman</td><td>Optima LE-80k&amp;nbsp;</td><td>90 Ti rotor</td></tr><tr><td>Xylazine</td><td>Richmond</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Zetasizer Nano&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Malvern&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Nano ZSizer-ZEN3600</td><td>To perform Dynamic Light scattering and zeta potential measurements</td></tr></tbody></table>

isolation and dendritic cell-uptake of small extracellular vesicles from echinococcus granulosus

细粒棘球蚴小细胞外囊泡的分离和树突状细胞摄取

The secretion of extracellular vesicles by cestodes is crucial for enabling cellular communication not only among parasites but also with host tissues. In ...

isolation-dendritic-cell-uptake-small-extracellular-vesicles-from

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

Isolation And Dendritic Cell-Uptake of Small Extracellular Vesicles from Echinococcus granulosus

137 次观看.  Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP). 在这里， 我们描述了体外 培养条件、分离和细 粒棘球蚴细胞外囊泡 （EV） 的增加产生。通过动态光散射和透射电子显微镜对小型 EV 进行表征。使用共聚焦显微镜和流式细胞术研究骨髓来源的树突状细胞的摄取及其表型调节。

视频: 细粒棘球蚴小细胞外囊泡的分离和树突状细胞摄取

Isolation of Mouse Lung Dendritic Cells

Lung dendritic cells (DC) play a fundamental role in sensing invading pathogens 1,2 as well as in the control of tolerogenic responses 3 in the respiratory tract. At least three main subsets of lung dendritic cells have been described in mice: conventional DC (cDC) 4, plasmacytoid DC (pDC) 5 and the IFN-producing killer DC (IKDC) 6,7. The cDC subset is the most prominent DC subset in the lung 8. 
The common marker known to identify DC subsets is CD11c, a type I transmembrane integrin (&beta;2) that is also expressed on monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils and some B cells 9. In some tissues, using CD11c as a marker to identify mouse DC is valid, as in spleen, where most CD11c+ cells represent the cDC subset which expresses high levels of the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II). However, the lung is a more heterogeneous tissue where beside DC subsets, there is a high percentage of a distinct cell population that expresses high levels of CD11c bout low levels of MHC-II. Based on its characterization and mostly on its expression of F4&#47;80, an splenic macrophage marker, the CD11chiMHC-IIlo lung cell population has been identified as pulmonary macrophages 10 and more recently, as a potential DC precursor 11. 
In contrast to mouse pDC, the study of the specific role of cDC in the pulmonary immune response has been limited due to the lack of a specific marker that could help in the isolation of these cells. Therefore, in this work, we describe a procedure to isolate highly purified mouse lung cDC. The isolation of pulmonary DC subsets represents a very useful tool to gain insights into the function of these cells in response to respiratory pathogens as well as environmental factors that can trigger the host immune response in the lung.

A highly purified preparation of mouse lung dendritic cells is described. Specific emphasis is given to the isolation of conventional dendritic cell subset.

小鼠肺树突状细胞的分离

Lung dendritic cells (DC) play a fundamental role in sensing invading pathogens 1,2 as well as in the control of tolerogenic responses 3 in the ...

科研

免疫与感染

Quantitative Imaging of Lineage-specific Toll-like Receptor-mediated Signaling in Monocytes and Dendritic Cells from Small Samples of Human Blood

Individual variations in immune status determine responses to infection and contribute to disease severity and outcome. Aging is associated with an increased susceptibility to viral and bacterial infections and decreased responsiveness to vaccines with a well-documented decline in humoral as well as cell-mediated immune responses1,2. We have recently assessed the effects of aging on Toll-like receptors (TLRs), key components of the innate immune system that detect microbial infection and trigger antimicrobial host defense responses3. In a large cohort of healthy human donors, we showed that peripheral blood monocytes from the elderly have decreased expression and function of certain TLRs4 and similar reduced TLR levels and signaling responses in dendritic cells (DCs), antigen-presenting cells that are pivotal in the linkage between innate and adaptive immunity5. We have shown dysregulation of TLR3 in macrophages and lower production of IFN by DCs from elderly donors in response to infection with West Nile virus6,7. 
Paramount to our understanding of immunosenescence and to therapeutic intervention is a detailed understanding of specific cell types responding and the mechanism(s) of signal transduction. Traditional studies of immune responses through imaging of primary cells and surveying cell markers by FACS or immunoblot have advanced our understanding significantly, however, these studies are generally limited technically by the small sample volume available from patients and the inability to conduct complex laboratory techniques on multiple human samples. ImageStream combines quantitative flow cytometry with simultaneous high-resolution digital imaging and thus facilitates investigation in multiple cell populations contemporaneously for an efficient capture of patient susceptibility. Here we demonstrate the use of ImageStream in DCs to assess TLR7/8 activation-mediated increases in phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of a key transcription factor, NF-&kappa;B, which initiates transcription of numerous genes that are critical for immune responses8. Using this technology, we have also recently demonstrated a previously unrecognized alteration of TLR5 signaling and the NF-&kappa;B pathway in monocytes from older donors that may contribute to altered immune responsiveness in aging9.

We describe use of ImageStream technology (<a href="http://www.amnis.com/" target="_blank">www.amnis.com</a>), which combines quantitative flow cytometry with simultaneous high-resolution digital imaging, to quantify cellular mechanisms of primary immune cells from well-defined patient cohorts. Our studies provide a blueprint for translational investigations to quantify lineage specific cellular responses in small samples from subject cohorts.

定量成像小样本人体血液中单核细胞和树突状细胞系特定的Toll样受体介导的信号

Individual variations in immune status determine responses to infection and contribute to disease severity and outcome.  Aging is associated with an ...

Isolation and Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages from the Mouse Intestine

Within the intestine reside unique populations of innate and adaptive immune cells that are involved in promoting tolerance towards commensal flora and food antigens while concomitantly remaining poised to mount inflammatory responses toward invasive pathogens1,2. Antigen presenting cells, particularly DCs and macrophages, play critical roles in maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis via their ability to sense and appropriately respond to the microbiota3-14. Efficient isolation of intestinal DCs and macrophages is a critical step in characterizing the phenotype and function of these cells. While many effective methods of isolating intestinal immune cells, including DCs and macrophages, have been described6,10,15-24, many rely upon long digestions times that may negatively influence cell surface antigen expression, cell viability, and/or cell yield. Here, we detail a methodology for the rapid isolation of large numbers of viable, intestinal DCs and macrophages. Phenotypic characterization of intestinal DCs and macrophages is carried out by directly staining isolated intestinal cells with specific fluorescence-labeled monoclonal antibodies for multi-color flow cytometric analysis. Furthermore, highly pure DC and macrophage populations are isolated for functional studies utilizing CD11c and CD11b magnetic-activated cell sorting beads followed by cell sorting.

Here, we detail a methodology for the rapid isolation of mouse intestinal dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. Phenotypic characterization of intestinal DCs and macrophages is performed using multi-color flow cytometric analysis while magnetic bead enrichment followed by cell sorting is used to yield highly pure populations for functional studies.

从老鼠肠道树突状细胞和巨噬细胞的分离和表征

Within the intestine reside unique populations of innate and adaptive immune cells that are involved in promoting tolerance towards commensal flora and ...

Isolation of Myeloid Dendritic Cells and Epithelial Cells from Human Thymus

In this protocol we provide a method to isolate dendritic cells (DC) and epithelial cells (TEC) from the human thymus. DC and TEC are the major antigen presenting cell (APC) types found in a normal thymus and it is well established that they play distinct roles during thymic selection. These cells are localized in distinct microenvironments in the thymus and each APC type makes up only a minor population of cells. To further understand the biology of these cell types, characterization of these cell populations is highly desirable but due to their low frequency, isolation of any of these cell types requires an efficient and reproducible procedure. This protocol details a method to obtain cells suitable for characterization of diverse cellular properties. Thymic tissue is mechanically disrupted and after different steps of enzymatic digestion, the resulting cell suspension is enriched using a Percoll density centrifugation step. For isolation of myeloid DC (CD11c+), cells from the low-density fraction (LDF) are immunoselected by magnetic cell sorting. Enrichment of TEC populations (mTEC, cTEC) is achieved by depletion of hematopoietic (CD45hi) cells from the low-density Percoll cell fraction allowing their subsequent isolation via fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) using specific cell markers. The isolated cells can be used for different downstream applications.

This protocol details a method to isolate antigen presenting cells from human thymus via different steps of enzymatic digestion of the tissue followed by density centrifugation of the single cell suspension and finally magnetic and/or FACS sorting of the cell populations of interest.

从人类胸腺髓样树突状细胞和上皮细胞的分离

In this protocol we provide a method to isolate dendritic cells (DC) and epithelial cells (TEC) from the human thymus. DC and TEC are the major antigen ...

T Cells Capture Bacteria by Transinfection from Dendritic Cells

Recently, we have shown, contrary to what is described, that CD4+ T cells, the paradigm of adaptive immune cells, capture bacteria from infected dendritic cells (DCs) by a process called transinfection. Here, we describe the analysis of the transinfection process, which occurs during the course of antigen presentation. This process was unveiled by using CD4+ T cells from transgenic OTII mice, which bear a T cell receptor (TCR) specific for a peptide of ovoalbumin (OVAp), which therefore can form stable immune complexes with infected dendritic cells loaded with this specific OVAp. The dynamics of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing bacteria during DC-T cell transmission can be monitored by live-cell imaging and the quantification of bacterial transinfection can be performed by flow cytometry. In addition, transinfection can be quantified by a more sensitive method based in the use of gentamicin, a non-permeable aminoglycoside antibiotic killing extracellular bacteria but not intracellular ones. This classical method has been used previously in microbiology to study the efficiency of bacterial infections. We hereby explain the protocol of the complete process, from the isolation of the primary cells to the quantification of transinfection.

Here a protocol is presented to measure bacterial capture by CD4+ T cells which occurs during antigen presentation via transinfection from pre-infected dendritic cells (DC). We show how to perform the necessary steps: isolation of primary cells, infection of DC, DC/T cell conjugate formation, and measurement of bacterial T cell transfection.

性T细胞Transinfection从树突状细胞捕捉细菌

Recently, we have shown, contrary to what is described, that CD4+ T cells, the paradigm of adaptive immune cells, capture bacteria from infected dendritic ...

An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells primarily responsible for acquiring, processing and presenting antigens on antigen presenting molecules to initiate T-cell-mediated immunity. Dendritic cells can be separated into several phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous subsets. Three important subsets of splenic dendritic cells are plasmacytoid, CD8&#945;Pos and CD8&#945;Neg cells. The plasmacytoid DCs are natural producers of type I interferon and are important for anti-viral T cell immunity. The CD8&#945;Neg DC subset is specialized for MHC class II antigen presentation and is centrally involved in priming CD4 T cells. The CD8&#945;Pos DCs are primarily responsible for cross-presentation of exogenous antigens and CD8 T cell priming. The CD8&#945;Pos DCs have been demonstrated to be most efficient at the presentation of glycolipid antigens by CD1d molecules to a specialized T cell population known as invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. Administration of Flt-3 ligand increases the frequency of migration of dendritic cell progenitors from bone marrow, ultimately resulting in expansion of dendritic cells in peripheral lymphoid organs in murine models. We have adapted this model to purify large numbers of functional dendritic cells for use in cell transfer experiments to compare in vivo proficiency of different DC subsets.

Distinct dendritic cell subsets exist as rare populations in lymphoid organs, and therefore are challenging to isolate in sufficient numbers and purity for immunological experiments. Here we describe a high efficiency, high yield method for isolation of all of the currently known major subsets of mouse splenic dendritic cells.

小鼠树突状细胞亚群的分离的高效和高产的方法

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells primarily responsible for acquiring, processing and presenting antigens on antigen ...

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine Small Intestinal Lymphocytes

The intestines &#8212; which contain the largest number of immune cells of any organ in the body &#8212; are constantly exposed to foreign antigens, both microbial and dietary. Given an increasing understanding that these luminal antigens help shape the immune response and that education of immune cells within the intestine is critical for a number of systemic diseases, there has been increased interest in characterizing the intestinal immune system. However, many published protocols are arduous and time-consuming. We present here a simplified protocol for the isolation of lymphocytes from the small-intestinal lamina propria, intraepithelial layer, and Peyer&#39;s patches that is rapid, reproducible, and does not require laborious Percoll gradients. Although the protocol focuses on the small intestine, it is also suitable for analysis of the colon. Moreover, we highlight some aspects that may need additional optimization depending on the specific scientific question. This approach results in the isolation of large numbers of viable lymphocytes that can subsequently be used for flow cytometric analysis or alternate means of characterization.

There is growing interest in the quantitative characterization of intestinal lymphocytes owing to increasing recognition that these cells play a critical role in a variety of intestinal and systemic diseases. In this protocol, we describe how to isolate single cell populations from different small-intestinal compartments for subsequent flow cytometric characterization.

小鼠小肠淋巴细胞的分离和流式细胞表征

The intestines &#8212; which contain the largest number of immune cells of any organ in the body &#8212; are constantly exposed to foreign antigens, both ...

Generation of Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells from Whole Blood

Dendritic cells (DCs) recognize foreign structures of different pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi, via a variety of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) expressed on their cell surface and thereby activate and regulate immunity. 
The major function of DCs is the induction of adaptive immunity in the lymph nodes by presenting antigens via MHC I and MHC II molecules to na&#239;ve T lymphocytes. Therefore, DCs have to migrate from the periphery to the lymph nodes after the recognition of pathogens at the sites of infection. For in vitro experiments or DC vaccination strategies, monocyte-derived DCs are routinely used. These cells show similarities in physiology, morphology, and function to conventional myeloid dendritic cells. They are generated by interleukin 4 (IL-4) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) stimulation of monocytes isolated from healthy donors. Here, we demonstrate how monocytes are isolated and stimulated from anti-coagulated human blood after peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) enrichment by density gradient centrifugation. Human monocytes are differentiated into immature DCs and are ready for experimental procedures in a non-clinical setting after 5 days of incubation.

Here, we demonstrate how monocytes are isolated by magnetic bead separation from peripheral blood mononuclear cells after density gradient centrifugation of human anti-coagulated blood. Following incubation for 5 days, human monocytes are differentiated into immature dendritic cells and are ready for experimental procedures in a non-clinical setting.

从全血人单核细胞来源的树突状细胞的生成

Dendritic cells (DCs) recognize foreign structures of different pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi, via a variety of pattern recognition ...

Flow Virometry to Analyze Antigenic Spectra of Virions and Extracellular Vesicles

Cells release small extracellular vesicles (EVs) into the surrounding media. Upon virus infection cells also release virions that have the same size of some of the EVs. Both virions and EVs carry proteins of the cells that generated them and are antigenically heterogeneous. In spite of their diversity, both viruses and EVs were characterized predominantly by bulk analysis. Here, we describe an original nanotechnology-based high throughput method that allows the characterization of antigens on individual small particles using regular flow cytometers. Viruses or extracellular vesicles were immunocaptured with 15 nm magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coupled to antibodies recognizing one of the surface antigens. The captured virions or vesicles were incubated with fluorescent antibodies against other surface antigens. The resultant complexes were separated on magnetic columns from unbound antibodies and analyzed with conventional flow cytometers triggered on fluorescence. This method has wide applications and can be used to characterize the antigenic composition of any viral- and non-viral small particles generated by cells in vivo and in vitro. Here, we provide examples of the usage of this method to evaluate the distribution of host cell markers on individual HIV-1 particles, to study the maturation of individual Dengue virions (DENV), and to investigate extracellular vesicles released into the bloodstream.

Viruses or extracellular vesicles were immunocaptured with 15 nm magnetic nanoparticles coupled to antibodies recognizing surface antigens. The captured virions or vesicles were labeled with fluorescent antibodies against other surface antigens. The resultant complexes were separated in high magnetic field and analyzed with conventional flow cytometers triggered on fluorescence.

流量Virometry来分析病毒颗粒的抗原谱和外囊泡

Cells release small extracellular vesicles (EVs) into the surrounding media. Upon virus infection cells also release virions that have the same size of ...

Isolation of Dendritic Cells from the Human Female Reproductive Tract for Phenotypical and Functional Studies

The characterization of the human dendritic cells (DCs) resident in mucosal tissues is challenging due to the difficulty in obtaining samples, and the low numbers of DCs present per tissue. Yet, as the phenotype and function of DCs is modified by the tissue environment, it is necessary to analyze tissue resident DC populations, since blood derived DCs incompletely reflect the complexities of DCs in tissues. Here we present a protocol to isolate DCs from the human female reproductive tract (FRT) using hysterectomy specimens that allows both phenotypical and functional analyses. The protocol consists of tissue digestion to generate a single cell mixed cell suspension, followed by positive magnetic bead selection. Our tissue digestion protocol does not cleave surface markers, which allows phenotypical and functional analysis of DCs in the steady state, without overnight incubation or cell activation. This protocol can be adapted for the isolation of other immune cell types or isolation of DCs from other tissues.

We describe here a method to isolate and purify dendritic cells from different anatomical compartments in the human female reproductive tract for the evaluation of their phenotypical and functional characteristics. This method can be adapted to isolate other immune cells or dendritic cells from other mucosal tissues.

人雌性生殖道树突状细胞表型鉴定的分离及功能研究

The characterization of the human dendritic cells (DCs) resident in mucosal tissues is challenging due to the difficulty in obtaining samples, and the low ...